{"title":"Products","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"heterohabditis-bacteriophora","title":"Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Nematodes","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e nematodes use a “cruise foraging” strategy. This means that their infective juveniles generally move more actively in search of less mobile insect hosts. They are more effective in killing insect pests in the field when temperature is between 20°C and 29°C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnual bluegrass weevil, \u003ci\u003eListronotus maculicollis\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBanana moth, \u003ci\u003eOpogona sachari\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBillbug, \u003ci\u003eSphenophorus\u003c\/i\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack vine weevil, \u003ci\u003eOtiorhynchus sulcatus\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBorers, \u003ci\u003eSynanthedon\u003c\/i\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitrus root weevil, \u003ci\u003ePachnaeus\u003c\/i\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorn rootworm, \u003ci\u003eDiabrotica\u003c\/i\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiaprepes root weevil, \u003ci\u003eDiaprepes abbreviatus\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFungus gnats, Diptera, \u003ci\u003eSciaridae\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrape root borer, \u003ci\u003eVitacea polistiformis\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIris borer, \u003ci\u003eMacronoctua onusta\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOriental beetle, \u003ci\u003eAnomala orientalis \u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOriental fruit moth, \u003cem\u003eGraphiolitha molesta\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSugar beet weevil, \u003ci\u003eTemnorhinus mendicus\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSweet potato weevil, \u003ci\u003eCylas formicarius\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern corn rootworm, \u003ci\u003eDiabrotica virgifera virgifera\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern flower thrips, \u003ci\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhite grub (Japanese beetle), \u003ci\u003ePopillia japonica\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e nematode effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese nematodes use \"cruise foraging\" strategy meaning their infective juveniles generally move actively in search of hosts and therefore, they are distributed throughout the soil profile and are more effective against less mobile hosts such as white grubs and black vine weevils.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNematode infective juveniles always carry symbiotic bacteria, \u003ci\u003ePhotorhabdus\u003c\/i\u003e spp. in their gut. The bacteria and the nematodes form a powerful team to kill insect pests.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the body cavity, infective juveniles release symbiotic bacteria, \u003ci\u003ePhotorhabdus\u003c\/i\u003e spp. from their gut in insect blood where multiplying nematode-bacterium complex causes septicemia and kill their insect host usually within 24 - 48 hours after infection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the insect cadaver, nematodes use the multiplying bacteria as food for their development and reproduction.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e nematodes are considered to be warm temperature adapted. They are more effective in killing insect pests in the field when temperature is between 20°C and 29°C.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e nematodes work in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen the infective juveniles of \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e are applied to the soil surface in the fields or thatch layer on golf courses, they start searching for their insect hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce insect larva has been located, the nematode infective juveniles penetrate into the larval body cavity via natural openings (see above).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce in the body cavity, infective juveniles release symbiotic bacteria, \u003ci\u003ePhotorhabdus luminescens\u003c\/i\u003e in insect blood.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the blood, multiplying nematode-bacterium complex causes septicemia and kill their insect host usually within 24-48 hours after infection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNematodes feed on multiplying bacteria, mature into adults, reproduce and then emerge as infective juveniles from the host cadaver to seek new larvae in the soil and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003ca title=\"Nematode Lifecycle Diagram\" href=\"\/pages\/learn-more#diagram\"\u003eSee our Nematode Life Cycle Diagram\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are natural parasites of insect pests so they do not pollute or harm the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can kill their hosts rapidly within 24-28 hours after infection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey have a broad range of insect hosts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eable to search for insect hosts actively, infect and kill them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enematodes can easily reproduce inside the dead insect body and emerge as infective juvenile that start looking for new hosts to continue the life cycle in the soil after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can be easily applied using traditional insecticide spraying equipment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals, beneficial insects (ie. honey bees), microbial communities and other beneficial nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBracken, 1990 G.K. Bracken, Susceptibility of first-instar cabbage maggot, \u003ci\u003eDelia radicum\u003c\/i\u003e (L.) (Anthomyiidae: Diptera) to strains of the entomogenous nematodes \u003ci\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/i\u003e Filipjev, \u003ci\u003eS. bibionis\u003c\/i\u003e (Bovien), \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e Poinar, and \u003ci\u003eH. heliothidis\u003c\/i\u003e (Khan, Brooks, and Hirschmann), Can. Entomol. 122 (1990), pp. 633-639.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEbssa, L., Borgemeister, C., Poehling, H.M., 2004. Effectiveness of different species\/strains of entomopathogenic nematodes for control of western flower thrips (\u003ci\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/i\u003e) at various concentrations, host densities and temperatures. Biol. Contrl. 29, 145- 154.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeorgis, R., Koppenhofer, A.M., Lacey, L.A., Belair, G., Duncan, L.W., Grewal, P.S., Samish, M., Tan, L., Torr, P. and van Tol, R.W.H.M. 2006. Successes and failures in the use of parasitic nematodes for pest control. Biological Control. 38: 103-123.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJagdale, G. B., Casey, M. L., Canas, L. and Grewal, P. S. 2007. Effect of entomopathogenic nematode species, split application and potting medium on the control of the fungus gnat, \u003ci\u003eBradysia difformis\u003c\/i\u003e (Diptera : Sciaridae), in the greenhouse at alternating cold and warm temperatures. Biol. Control., 43: 23-30.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJagdale, G. B., Casey, M. L., Grewal, P. S. and Lindquist, R. K. 2004. Application rate and timing, potting medium and host plant on the efficacy of \u003ci\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/i\u003e against the fungus gnat, \u003ci\u003eBradysia coprophila\u003c\/i\u003e, in floriculture. Biol. Contrl. 29: 296-305.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJansson, R.K., Lecrone, S.H. and Gaugler, R. 1991. Comparison of single and multiple releases of \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e Poinar (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) for control of \u003ci\u003eCylas formicarius\u003c\/i\u003e (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Apionidac), Biol. Control 1 (1991), pp. 320-328.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKoppenhöfer, A.M. and Fuzy, E.M. 2003. Effects of turfgrass endophytes (Clavicipitaceae: Ascomycetes) on white grub (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) control by the entomopathogenic nematode \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae), Environ. Entomol. 32 (2003), pp. 392-396.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKoppenhofer A.M. and Fuzy, E.M. 2008. Effect of the anthranilic diamide insecticide, chlorantraniliprole, on \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e (Rhabditida : Heterorhabditidae) efficacy against white grubs (Coleoptera : Scarabaeldae). Biological Control. 45: 93-102.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKoppenhöfer, A. M., Fuzy, E.M., Crocker, R., Gelernter, W. and Polavarapu, S. 2004. Pathogenicity of \u003ci\u003eSteinernema scarabaei\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eS. glaseri\u003c\/i\u003e to twelve white grub species, Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 14 (2004), pp. 87-92.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcGraw, B.A., Vittum, P.J., Cowles, R.S. and Koppenhofer A.M. 2010. Field evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes for the biological control of the annual bluegrass weevil, \u003ci\u003eListronotus maculicollis\u003c\/i\u003e (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in golf course turfgrass. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 20: 149-163\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePena, J.E., Schroeder, W.J. and Osborne, L.S. 1990. Use of entomogenous nematodes of the families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae to control banana moth (Opogona-sachari). Nematropica. 20: 51-55.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePilz, C., Keller, S., Kuhlmann, U. and Toepfer, S. 2009. Comparative efficacy assessment of fungi, nematodes and insecticides to control western corn rootworm larvae in maize. Biocontrol. 54: 671-684.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShields, E.J., Testa, A., Miller, J.M. and Flanders, K.L. 1999. Field efficacy and persistence of entomopathogenic nematodes \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e \"Oswego\" and \u003ci\u003eH. bacteriophora\u003c\/i\u003e \"NC\" on alfalfa snout beetle larvae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Environ. Entomol. 28 (1999), pp. 128-136.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStefan, T., Ibolya, H.Z., Ehlers, R.U., Peters, A. and Kuhlmann, U. 2010. The effect of application techniques on field-scale efficacy: can the use of entomopathogenic nematodes reduce damage by western corn rootworm larvae? Agricultural and Forest Entomology. 12: 389-402.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"nematodes","offers":[{"title":"5 Million Nematodes- treats 300 sqft area","offer_id":16788415620,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1220300","price":36.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 Million Nematodes- treats 600 sq.ft. area","offer_id":16788661252,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1220301","price":61.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 Million Nematodes- treats 3000 sq.ft. area","offer_id":48313872,"sku":"BFG- BI- H50\/ AO- 1220302","price":129.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 Million Nematodes - treats 15,000 sq. ft. area","offer_id":282720248,"sku":"BFG- BI- H250\/AO- 1221703","price":204.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 Million Nematodes - treats 30,000 sq. ft. area","offer_id":282720406,"sku":"BFG- BB- 004032\/ AO- 1221706","price":282.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Million Nematodes - treats 150 sq. ft. area","offer_id":32277033582634,"sku":"BFG- BI- HB1M- SP","price":29.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"6 Million Nematodes - treats 450 sq. ft. area","offer_id":32277041184810,"sku":"BFG- BI- HB6M-SP","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Heterorhabditis_bacteriophora_product.jpg?v=1546219552"},{"product_id":"steinernema-carpocapsae","title":"Steinernema carpocapsae Nematodes","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes use sit-and-wait strategy (ambush) to attack highly mobile insects. They are active at many temperatures but most effective against many insect pests at temperatures ranging from 22 to 28°C.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnnual bluegrass weevil, \u003cem\u003eListronotus maculicollis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArtichoke plume moth, \u003cem\u003ePlatyptilia carduidactyla\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBanana moth \u003cem\u003eOpogona sachari\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBanana root borer, \u003cem\u003eCosmopolites sordidus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeet armyworm, \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera exigua\u003cem\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBillbugs (snout beetle), \u003cem\u003eSphenophorous parvulus, S. cicastriatus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack vine weevil, \u003cem\u003eOtiorhynchus sulcatus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBorers, \u003cem\u003eSynanthedon\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCat flea, \u003cem\u003eCtenocephalides felis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCereal leaf beetles, \u003cem\u003eOulema melanopus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCodling moth, \u003cem\u003eCydia pomonella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorn earworm, \u003cem\u003eHelicoverpa zea\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorn rootworm, \u003cem\u003eDiabrotica spp.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCranberry girdler, \u003cem\u003eChrysoteuchia topiaria\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCrane fly, \u003cem\u003eDiptera: Tipulidae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCutworms, \u003cem\u003eAgrotis\u003c\/em\u003e, spp. \u003cem\u003eAmathes\u003c\/em\u003e, spp. \u003cem\u003ePeridroma\u003c\/em\u003e, spp. \u003cem\u003eProdenia spp.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFall armyworms, \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera frugipeda\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFilbertworm, \u003cem\u003eCydia latiferreana\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImported cabbage worms, \u003cem\u003ePieris rapae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIris borer, \u003cem\u003eMacronoctua onusta\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLarge pine weevil, \u003cem\u003eHylobius albietis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeafminers, \u003cem\u003eLiriomyza\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLesser peachtree borer, \u003cem\u003eSynanthedon pictipes\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMole crickets, \u003cem\u003eScapteriscus\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNavel orangeworm, \u003cem\u003eAmyelois transitella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOriental fruit moth, \u003cem\u003eGraphiolitha molesta\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRed imported fire ant queens, \u003cem\u003eSolenopsis invicta\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRed palm weevil, \u003cem\u003eRhynchophorus ferrugineus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShore flies, \u003cem\u003eScatella\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall hive beetle, \u003cem\u003eAethina tumida\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSod webworms, \u003cem\u003eCrambus\u003c\/em\u003e sp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSugar beet weevil, \u003cem\u003eTemnorhinus mendicus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSweetpotato weevil, \u003cem\u003eCylas formicarius\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSweetpotato whitefly, \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Mediterranean fruit fly, \u003cem\u003eCeratitis capitata\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato leafminer, \u003cem\u003eTuta absoluta\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e nematode effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis nematode is an \"ambush forager\" , which means it uses the sit-and-wait strategy by standing on its tail in an upright position to attack highly mobile insects such as billbugs, sod webworms, cutworms and armyworms.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNematode infective juveniles always carry symbiotic bacteria, \u003cem\u003eXenorhabdus nematophila\u003c\/em\u003e in their gut and use as a weapon to kill their insect host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the body cavity, infective juveniles release symbiotic bacteria, \u003cem\u003eX. nematophila\u003c\/em\u003e from their gut in insect blood where multiplying nematode-bacterium complex causes septicemia and kill their insect host usually within 24 - 48 hours after infection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the insect cadaver, nematodes use the multiplying bacteria as food for their development and reproduction.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes are active at many temperatures but they are most effective against many insect pests at temperatures ranging from 22 to 28°C.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes work in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen the infective juveniles of \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e are applied to the soil surface in the fields or thatch layer on golf courses, they start searching for their insect hosts. Generally, they use sit-and-wait strategy (ambush) by standing on its tail in an upright position to attack highly mobile insects on the soil surface but in some instances, this nematode can find and kill its host beneath soil surface.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce insect larva has been located, the nematode infective juveniles penetrate into the larval body cavity via natural openings such as mouth, anus and spiracles and in some instances they can also enter through the host cuticle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the body cavity, infective juveniles release symbiotic bacteria, \u003cem\u003eXenorhabdus nematophila\u003c\/em\u003e from their gut in insect blood where multiplying nematode-bacterium complex causes septicemia and kill their insect host usually within 24-48 hours after infection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlso, nematodes feed on multiplying bacteria, mature into adults, reproduce and then emerge as infective juveniles from the host cadaver to seek new larvae in the soil and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003ca title=\"Nematode Lifecycle Diagram\" href=\"\/pages\/learn-more#diagram\"\u003eSee our Nematode Life Cycle Diagram\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are natural parasites of insect pests so they do not pollute or harm the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can kill their hosts rapidly within 24 - 28 hours after infection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey have a broad range of insect hosts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eable to search for insect hosts actively, infect and kill them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enematodes can easily reproduce inside the dead insects body and emerge as infective juvenile that start looking for new hosts to continue the life cycle in the soil after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can be easily applied using traditional insecticide spraying equipment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals, beneficial insects (ie. honey bees), microbial communities and other beneficial nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAgra Gothama, A.A., Lawrence, G.W. and Sikorowski, P.P. 1996. Activity and persistence of \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera exigua\u003c\/em\u003e nuclear polyhedrosis virus against \u003cem\u003eS. exigua\u003c\/em\u003e larvae on soybean. Journal of Nematology 28:68–74.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBatalla-Carrera, L., Morton, A. and Garcia-del-Pino, F. 2010. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against the tomato leafminer \u003cem\u003eTuta absoluta\u003c\/em\u003e in laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Biocontrol. 55: 523-530.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChambers, U. Bruck, D.J., Olsen, J. and Walton, V.M. 2010. Control of overwintering filbertworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) larvae with \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e. Journal of Economic Entomology. 103: 416-422.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCuthbertson, A, G. S., Mathers, J.J., Northing, P., Prickett, A.J. and Keith F. A. Walters, K.F.A. 2008. The integrated use of chemical insecticides and the entomopathogenic nematode, \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e (Nematoda: Steinernematidae), for the control of sweetpotato whitefly, \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Insect Science 15: 447–453.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDembilio, O., Llacer, E., de Altube, M.D.M. and Jacas, J.A. 2010. Field efficacy of imidacloprid and \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e in a chitosan formulation against the red palm weevil \u003cem\u003eRhynchophorus ferrugineus\u003c\/em\u003e (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in \u003cem\u003ePhoenix canariensis\u003c\/em\u003e. Pest Management Science. 66: 365-370.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEbssa, L., Borgemeister, C., Berndt, O. and Poehling, H.-M. 2001. Impact of entomopathogenic nematodes on different soil-dwelling stages of Western flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in the laboratory and under semi-field conditions. Biocontrol Science and Technology 11: 515-525.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGeorgis, R., Koppenhofer, A.M., Lacey, L.A., Belair, G., Duncan, L.W., Grewal, P.S., Samish, M., Tan, L., Torr, P. and van Tol, R.W.H.M. 2006. Successes and failures in the use of parasitic nematodes for pest control. Biological Control. 38: 103-123.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLaznik, Z., Toth, I., Lakatos, T., Vidrih, M. and Trdan, S. 2010. \u003cem\u003eOulema melanopus\u003c\/em\u003e (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) adults are susceptible to entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida) attack: results from a laboratory study. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. 117: 30-32.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLlacer, E., de Altube, M.M.M. and Jacas, J.A. 2009. Evaluation of the efficacy of \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e in a chitosan formulation against the red palm weevil, \u003cem\u003eRhynchophorus ferrugineus\u003c\/em\u003e, in \u003cem\u003ePhoenix canariensis\u003c\/em\u003e. Biocontrol. 54: 559-565.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcGraw, B.A., Vittumb, P.J. Cowlesc, R.S.and Koppenhoumlfera, A.M. 2010. Field evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes for the biological control of the annual bluegrass weevil, \u003cem\u003eListronotus maculicollis\u003c\/em\u003e (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in golf course turfgrass. Journal Biocontrol Science and Technology. 20: 149-163.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNegrisoli, A.S., Garcia, M.S., Negrisoli, C.R.C.B., Bernardi, D.and da Silva, A. 2010. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes (Nematoda: Rhabditida) and insecticide mixtures to control \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera frugiperda\u003c\/em\u003e (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in corn crops. Crop Protection. 29: 677-683.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRohde, C., Moino, A., da Silva, M.A.T., Carvalho, F.D.and Ferreira, C.S. 2010. Influence of soil temperature and moisture on the infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae, Steinemematidae) against larvae of \u003cem\u003eCeratitis capitata\u003c\/em\u003e (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). NeotropicaL Entomology. 39: 608-611.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShapiro-Ilan, D.I., Morales-Ramos, J.A., Rojas, M.G. and Tedders, W.L. 2010. Effects of a novel entomopathogenic nematode-infected host formulation on cadaver integrity, nematode yield, and suppression of \u003cem\u003eDiaprepes abbreviatus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAethina tumida\u003c\/em\u003e. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 103: 103-108.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShapiro-Ilan, D.I., Cottrell, T.E., Mizell, R.F., Horton, D.L., Behle, R.W. and Dunlap, C.A. 2010. Efficacy of \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e for control of the lesser peachtree borer, \u003cem\u003eSynanthedon pictipes\u003c\/em\u003e: Improved aboveground suppression with a novel gel application. Biological Control. 54: 23-28.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZhang, L.K., Zhang, P.B., Cao, L. and Han, R.C. 2010. Susceptibility of red imported fire ant queens to the entomopathogenic nematodes \u003cem\u003eSteinernema carpocapsae\u003c\/em\u003e All and \u003cem\u003eS. scapterisci\u003c\/em\u003e. Sociobiology. 55: 519-526.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"nematodes","offers":[{"title":"5 Million Nematodes - treats about 300 sqft area","offer_id":16821874180,"sku":"BFG- AO 1220319","price":36.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 Million Nematodes - treats about 600 sqft area","offer_id":282760522,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1220320","price":61.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 Million Nematodes- treats about 3000 sqft area","offer_id":208271834,"sku":"BFG- BI C50 AO- 1220321","price":129.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 Million Nematodes - treats about 15,000 sqft area","offer_id":208274250,"sku":"BFG- BI-C250\/ AO 1221702","price":204.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 Million Nematodes  - treats about 30,000 sqft area","offer_id":208274276,"sku":"BFG- AO 1221705","price":282.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2.5 Billion Nematodes - treats about 2.5 Acres (1 Hectare) area, Price","offer_id":620610121,"sku":"BFG- BI- C10X250M","price":1257.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1.5 Billion Nematodes - treats 1.5 acres","offer_id":53362185306385,"sku":"BFG- BI- C125B","price":774.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/S.C._Juveniles.jpg?v=1478962729"},{"product_id":"heterorhabditis-indica","title":"Heterorhabditis indica Nematodes","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis indica\u003c\/i\u003e is a heat tolerant nematode that works better against many insect pests when the temperature is between 25°C and 29°C. This nematode has great potential to use as a biological control agent to manage fungus gnats and other greenhouse pests in the US greenhouse industry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca href=\"#\" class=\"showAll\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall hive beetle, \u003ci\u003eAethina tumida\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFall armyworm, \u003ci\u003eSpodoptera frugiperda\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFungus gnat, \u003ci\u003eBradysia difformis\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIndianmeal moth, \u003ci\u003ePlodia interpunctella\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRoot weevil, \u003ci\u003eDiaprepes abbreviatus\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern flower thrips, \u003ci\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhite grubs, \u003ci\u003eHolotrichia serrata\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eLeucopholis lepidophora\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003eHoplia philanthus\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003ePopillia japonica\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis indica\u003c\/i\u003e nematode effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis indica\u003c\/i\u003e is heat tolerant nematode and it works better against many insect pests when temperature is between 25°C and 29°C.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis warm adapted nematode performed much better than the cold adapted entomopathogenic nematode \u003ci\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/i\u003e against fungus gnats in the greenhouse.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ci\u003eH. indica\u003c\/i\u003e has great potential to manage fungus gnats and other greenhouse pests in the US greenhouse industry because warm temperature is one of the key factors restricting use of other cold adapted species of entomopathogenic nematodes that proved to be effective against fungus gnats.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNematode infective juveniles always carry symbiotic bacteria, \u003ci\u003ePhotorhabdus luminescens\u003c\/i\u003e in their gut and use as a weapon to kill their insect host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the body cavity, infective juveniles release symbiotic bacteria, \u003ci\u003eP. luminescens\u003c\/i\u003e from their gut in insect blood where multiplying nematode-bacterium complex causes septicemia and kill their insect host usually within 24-48 hours after infection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis indica\u003c\/i\u003e nematodes work in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen the infective juveniles of \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis indica\u003c\/i\u003e are applied to the soil surface in the fields, thatch layer on golf courses, or any potting media, they start searching for their insect hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce insect larva has been located, the nematode infective juveniles penetrate into the larval body cavity via natural openings such as mouth, anus and spiracles and in some instances they can also enter through the host cuticle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce in the body cavity, infective juveniles release symbiotic bacteria, \u003ci\u003ePhotorhabdus luminescens\u003c\/i\u003e in insect blood.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the blood, multiplying nematode-bacterium complex causes septicemia and kill their insect host usually within 24-48 hours after infection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNematodes feed on multiplying bacteria, mature into adults, reproduce and then emerge as infective juveniles from the host cadaver to seek new larvae in the soil and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"\/pages\/learn-more#diagram\" title=\"Nematode Lifecycle Diagram\"\u003eSee our Nematode Life Cycle Diagram\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are natural parasites of insect pests so they do not pollute or harm the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can kill their hosts rapidly within 24-28 hours after infection\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey have a broad range of insect hosts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eable to search for insect hosts actively, infect and kill them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003enematodes can easily reproduce inside the dead insect body and emerge as infective juvenile that start looking for new hosts to continue the life cycle in the soil after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can be easily applied using traditional insecticide spraying equipment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals, beneficial insects (ie. honey bees), microbial communities and other beneficial nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e Research papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnsari, M.A., Adhikari, B.N., Ali, F. and Moens, M. 2008. Susceptibility of \u003ci\u003eHoplia philanthus\u003c\/i\u003e (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae and pupae to entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae). Biological Control. 47: 315-321.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEbssa, L., Borgemeister, C. and Poehling, H.M. 2006. Simultaneous application of entomopatho genic nematodes and predatory mites to control western flower thrips \u003ci\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/i\u003e. Biological Control. 39: 66-74\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJagdale, G.B., Casey, M.L., Canas, L. and Grewal, P.S. 2007. Effect of entomopathogenic nematode species, split application and potting medium on the control of the fungus gnat, \u003ci\u003eBradysia difformis\u003c\/i\u003e (Diptera: Sciaridae), in the greenhouse at alternating cold and warm temperatures. Biol. Control., 43: 23-30.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMbata, G.N. and Shapiro-Ilan, D.I. 2010. Compatibility of \u003ci\u003eHeterorhabditis indica\u003c\/i\u003e (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and \u003ci\u003eHabrobracon hebetor\u003c\/i\u003e (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for biological control of \u003ci\u003ePlodia interpunctella\u003c\/i\u003e (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Biological Control. 54: 75-82.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNegrisoli, A.S., Garcia, M.S. and Negrisoli, C.R.C.B. 2010a. Compatibility of entomopathogenic nematodes (Nematoda: Rhabditida) with registered insecticides for \u003ci\u003eSpodoptera frugiperda\u003c\/i\u003e (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. Crop Protection. 29: 545-549.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNegrisoli, A.S., Garcia, M.S., Negrisoli, C.R.C.B., Bernardi, D. and da Silva, A. 2010b. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes (Nematoda: Rhabditida) and insecticide mixtures to control \u003ci\u003eSpodoptera frugiperda\u003c\/i\u003e (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in corn. Crop Protection. 29: 677-683.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShapiro-Ilan, D.I., Morales-Ramos, J.A., Rojas, M.G. and Tedders, W.L. 2010. Effects of a novel entomopathogenic nematode-infected host formulation on cadaver integrity, nematode yield, and suppression of \u003ci\u003eDiaprepes abbreviatus\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eAethina tumida\u003c\/i\u003e. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 103: 103-108.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"nematodes","offers":[{"title":"5 Million Nematodes in GelFormulation - treats up to 300 sq. ft. area","offer_id":59394782,"sku":"BFG - HI5M","price":39.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 Million Nematodes in GelFormulation - treats up to 600 sq. ft. area","offer_id":59394792,"sku":"BFG- HI10M","price":79.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25 Million Nematodes in GelFormulation - treats up to 1500 sq. ft. area","offer_id":282722042,"sku":"BFG- HI25M","price":197.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 Million Nematodes in GelFormulation - treats up to 3000 sq. ft. area","offer_id":59394812,"sku":"BFG- HI50M","price":309.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 Million Nematodes in GelFormulation - treats up to 6000 sq. ft. area","offer_id":89769412,"sku":"BFG - HI100M","price":551.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Heterorhabditis_indica_nematodes.jpg?v=1546221049"},{"product_id":"steinernema-feltiae","title":"Steinernema feltiae Nematodes","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e is a cold tolerant nematode that can infect and kill insects as low as 10°C temperature. This nematode uses an intermediate foraging strategy that is between the ambush and cruiser type. This nematode is most effective against mushroom flies and fungus gnats in mushroom houses and greenhouses, respectively.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeet armyworm, \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera exigua\u003cem\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCodling moth, \u003cem\u003eCydia pomonella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eColorado potato beetle, \u003cem\u003eLeptinotarsa decemlineata\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorn earworm, \u003cem\u003eHelicoverpa zea\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFall armyworm, \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera frugiperda\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFungus gnat, \u003cem\u003eBradysia difformis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImported cabbage worms, \u003cem\u003ePieris rapae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeafminers, \u003cem\u003eLiriomyza spp.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOriental fruit moth, \u003cem\u003eGraphiolitha molesta\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe plum curculio, \u003cem\u003eConotrachelus nenuphar\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShore flies, \u003cem\u003eScatella spp.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSweetpotato weevil, \u003cem\u003eCylas formicarius\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSweetpotato whitefly, \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e nematode effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e nematode infective juveniles carry species specific symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus bovienii in their gut as weapon to kill their insect hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor searching insect host, this nematode uses intermediate foraging strategy that lies between ambush and cruiser foraging strategies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs other species of entomopathogenic nematodes, \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes also enter their insect host’s body cavity through the natural openings such as mouth, anus and spiracles. Once in the cavity, infective juveniles release their symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus bovienii, which multiplies rapidly in the insect blood, causes septicemia and kill its host within 48 hours of infection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes are very good in reducing the populations of fungus gnats by infecting and killing their immature stages both in the greenhouses and the potted house plants. \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes are very effective in controlling mushroom flies by infecting and killing their immature stages in the mushroom houses.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe temperature range for this nematode’s activity and infection is a very wide ranging from 50 °F (10 °C) to 77 °C (25 °C).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes work in greenhouses, mushroom houses and fields?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen infective juveniles of \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in any setup like greenhouses, mushroom houses or fields, they start looking for their host using intermediate foraging strategy. Once they locate their host, they enter host’s body through the natural openings such as mouth, anus and spiracles.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThen in the body cavity (which is filled with insect blood), they release their symbiotic bacteria X. bovienii, which multiplies rapidly causes septicemia and kill its host within 48 hours of infection. Thus they reduce the emergence of the next generation adults of their insect host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"\/pages\/learn-more#diagram\"\u003eSee our diagram of the nematode lifecycle\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why we need Steinernema feltiae nematodes? \u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes work better than other nematode species against different pests at temperature as low as 50 °F (10 °C) in both greenhouses and mushroom houses. They have a wide range of hosts. After application in any setup, they can actively search for their host. They can kill their host within 24-48 hours after infection. They can be easily applied using traditional pesticide application sprayers for large areas or water cans small areas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals, beneficial insects (ie. honey bees), microbial communities and other beneficial nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdel, M. M. and Hussein, H. M. 2010. Effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematodes \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eHeterorhabditis bacteriophora\u003c\/em\u003e on the Colorado potato beetle \u003cem\u003eLeptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 43:1485-1494.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBuitenhuis, R. and Shipp, J.L. 2005. Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematode \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) as Influenced by \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Developmental Stage and Host Plant Stage. Journal of Economic Entomology 98:1480-1485.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCuthbertson, A.G., Walters, K.F., Northing, P., and Luo, W. 2007. Efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematode, \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e, against sweetpotato whitefly \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. Bulletin of Entomology Research 97:9-14.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGouge, D.H., Hague, N.G.M., 1994. Control of sciarids in glass and propagation houses with \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e. Brighton Crop Protection Conference: Pest Dis. 3, 1073-1078.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGouge, D.H., Hague, N.G.M., 1995. Glasshouse control of fungus gnats, Bradysia paupera, on fuchsias by \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e. Fundam. Appl. Nematol. 18, 77-80.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrewal, P.S., Richardson, P.N., 1993. Effects of application rates of \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) on control of the mushroom sciarid fly, \u003cem\u003eLycoriella auripila\u003c\/em\u003e (Diptera: Sciaridae). Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 3, 29-40.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrewal, P.S., Tomalak, M., Keil, C.B.O., Gaugler, R., 1993. Evaluation of a genetically selected strain of \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e against the mushroom sciarid fly, Lycoriella mali. Ann. Appl. Biol. 123, 695-702.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHarris, M.A., Oetting, R.D., Gardner, W.A., 1995. Use of entomopathogenic nematodes and new monitoring technique for control of fungus gnats, Bradysia coprophila (Diptera: Sciaridae), in floriculture. Biol. Control 5, 412-418.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKaya, H.K. 1985. Susceptibility of early larval stages of \u003cem\u003ePseudaletia unipuncta\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera exigua\u003c\/em\u003e (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to the entomogenous nematode \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 46: 58–62.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJagdale, G. B., Casey, M. L., Grewal, P. S. and Lindquist, R. K. 2004. Application rate and timing, potting medium and host plant on the efficacy of \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e against the fungus gnat, Bradysia coprophila, in floriculture. Biological Control. 29: 296-305.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJagdale, G. B., Casey, M. L., Grewal, P. S. and Luis Cañas. 2007. Effect of entomopathogenic nematode species, split application and potting medium on the control of the fungus gnat, Bradysia difformis (Diptera: Sciaridae), in the greenhouse at alternating cold and warm temperatures. Biol. Control. 43: 23-30.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKim, H.H., Choo, H.Y., Kaya, H.K., Lee, D.W., Lee, S.M., Jeon, H.Y., 2004. Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) as a biological control agent against the fungus gnat Bradysia agrestis (Diptera: Sciaridae) in propogation houses. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 14, 171-183.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLindquist R., Piatkowski J. 1993. Evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes for control of fungus gnat larvae. Bull. Int. Organiz. Biol. Integr. Control Noxious Animals and Plants. 16, 97-100.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLindquist, R.K., Faber, W.R., Casey, M.L., 1985. Effect of various soilless root media and insecticides on fungus gnats. HortScience. 20, 358-360.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOetting, R.D., Latimer, J.G., 1991. An entomogenous nematode Steinernema carpocapsae is compatible with potting media environments created by horticultural practices. J. Entomol. Sci. 26, 390-394.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRichardson, P.N., Grewal, P.S., 1991. Comparative assessment of biological (Nematoda: \u003cem\u003eSteinernema feltiae\u003c\/em\u003e) and chemical methods of control of mushroom fly, Lycoriella auripila (Diptera: Sciaridae). Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 1, 217-228.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomalak, M., Piggott, S. and Jagdale, G. B. 2005. Glasshouse applications. In: Nematodes As Biocontrol Agents. Grewal, P.S. Ehlers, R.-U., Shapiro-Ilan, D. (eds.). CAB publishing, CAB International, Oxon. Pp 147- 166.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"nematodes","offers":[{"title":"5 Million Nematodes -treats about 300 sqft area","offer_id":16822160964,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1220309","price":36.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 Million Nematodes -treats about 600 sqft area","offer_id":282766744,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1220310","price":61.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 Million Nematodes-treats about 3000 sqft area","offer_id":82702712,"sku":"BFG- BI F50\/ AO- 1220311","price":129.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 Million Nematodes -treats about 15,000 sqft area","offer_id":208273408,"sku":"BFG- F250\/ AO 1221701","price":204.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 Million Nematodes -treats about 30,000 sqft area","offer_id":208274186,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1221704","price":279.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"600 Million Nematodes-treats about 36,000 sqft area","offer_id":620633645,"sku":"BFG- BI- F12X50M","price":609.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1.25 Billion Nematodes -treats about 1 Acre area","offer_id":620634313,"sku":"BFG- BI F5T","price":774.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Steinernema_feltiae.jpg?v=1550937583"},{"product_id":"praying-mantis","title":"Praying Mantis","description":"\u003cp\u003ePraying mantis: Praying mantises including \u003cem\u003eTenodera aridifolia sinensis\u003c\/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eStagmomantis crolina \u003c\/em\u003e are strong predators of many insect pests. These biological control agents are well known for their \"ambush\" type of foraging strategy. These predatory insects also have an ability to camouflage with their surroundings and deceive their prey. Praying mantises are commercially available and can be used as effective biological control agents against many insects pests (see below) infesting organic gardens.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAphids (Order: Hemiptera), \u003cem\u003eMyzus spp.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeetles (Order: Coleoptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCaterpillars (Order: Lepidoptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCrane flies (Order: Diptera), \u003cem\u003eHolorusia spp.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCrickets (Order: Orthoptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlies (Order: Diptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrasshoppers (Order: Orthoptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeafhoppers (Order: Hemiptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMosquitoes (Order: Diptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoths (Order: Lepidoptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpiders (Order: Araneae)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWasps (Order: Hymenoptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e Key factors for praying mantis effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003eParying mantises are very fast predators. They are ambushers meaning they sit and wait for their prey to come by. Once their prey is within their reach, they can quickly attack and grab this passing by insect prey with their spiny forelegs, and then munch on it. They are also known to camouflage with their surroundings to mislead their victim insects. Both nymphs and adults feed on different kinds of insect pests. Young nymphs feed on small soft bodied insects such as aphids and flies whereas adults feed on large insects such as beetles, grasshoppers, moths etc. They are most effective against moths because they are active like them during night.\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e How praying mantises applied in the organic garden?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003ePraying mantises are sold as egg cases. These egg cases are generally hanged randomly in the bushes in he garden mostaly after last frost and then throughout the summer. Generally 3-4 cases per 5000 sq ft area seem to be enough for the effective control of many insect pests. Each case contains about 400 eggs, which will hatch when temperature begins to rise in the spring. Immediately after hatching, young mantises also called nymphs starts looking for their prey. Nymphs generally eat small soft bodied insects such as aphids but as they grow old, they will start feeding on any big sized insect pests including beetles, butterflies, caterpillars, grasshoppers, moths etc.\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e Why you need praying mantises\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003eBecause we can use them to control soft bodied insect pests that cause tremendous damage to our organic vegetables. Also, these biological control agents have a wide host range and can be easily indroduced in the garden.\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are not harmful to children, pets and the environment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm plants and like pesticides, there is no question of leaving any toxic chemical residue on the produce that is ready to eat.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production or application.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTherefore, any produce including all vegetables are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with praying mantises.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKaltenpoth, M. 2005. Life history and morphometry of the Chinese praying mantis, \u003cem\u003eTenodera aridifolia sinensis\u003c\/em\u003e (Blattopteroidea: Mantodea). Entomologia Generalis 28: 1-16.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIwasaki, T. 1991. Predatory behavior of the praying-mantis, \u003cem\u003eTenodera-aridifolia\u003c\/em\u003e. 2. Combined effect of prey size and predator size on the prey recognition. Journal of Ethology 9: 77-81.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Praying Mantises","offers":[{"title":"3 Egg cases w\/o twigs","offer_id":256717276,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1121001","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10 Egg cases w\/o twigs","offer_id":14535804420138,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1121101","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50 Egg cases w\/o twigs","offer_id":14535806058538,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1121201","price":179.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Mantis.jpg?v=1353715796"},{"product_id":"ladybugs","title":"Ladybugs, Hypodamia convergens","description":"\u003cp\u003eLadybugs \u003cem\u003eHypodamia convergens\u003c\/em\u003e: Both larvae and adults of ladybugs are also called as ladybird beetles. The ladybugs are active predators of many soft bodied insects including aphids (watch following video), mealy bugs, mites and scale insects. Adult ladybugs are hemispherical shaped and bright orange to red in color with a few to 13 black spots on both the front wings. Larvae have appearance like an alligator with reddish dark brown color and a few yellow stripes on the body. Ladybugs overwinter as adults.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UH9jPIUEheo\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/iframe\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts\u003ca class=\"showAll\" title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCannabis aphid or hemp aphid or bhang aphid, \u003cem\u003ePhorodon cannabis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAphids, (Order: Hemiptera) \u003cem\u003eMyzus spp.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMealybugs (Order: Hemiptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMites (Order: Trombidiformes)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScale insects (Order: Hemiptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThrips (Order: Thysanoptera)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for Ladybugs effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003eLadybugs are voracious feeders of soft bodied insects such as aphids, mealy bugs, mites and scale insects. Since adults of ladybugs are very active, they can move very fast after their release and find their prey in the garden. Each adult of ladybug is capable of eating over 5000 aphids whereas each larva can eat over 400 aphids in their life-spans. Use of ladybugs as biological control agents in the organic gardens is a good choice because they can continuously reproduce and maintain their populations as long as they find their food in the garden. For example, once ladybugs are released in the garden, they immediately start feeding on their prey. While feeding they mate and lay up to 1,500 tiny yellow eggs on foliage. Eggs hatch within a week into blackish brown alligator like looking larvae, which are very mobile. After hatching, these larvae immediately start feeding on the available insect hosts in the garden. While feeding, larvae molts 3 times before pupation. The pupae are orange to black in color and attached to any substrate in the garden. Young adults emerge from pupae within 1-2 weeks and life cycle continues. Ladybugs generally complete several generations in a year and they hibernate as adults during winter.\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Availability of ladybugs and their application in the organic garden\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003eLadybug adults are sold in a bag and about 1500 adults are enough to treat about 900 square foot area of garden. These bags of ladybugs will be available to purchase from March through July from our website. After purchasing, if it is possible, release adults immediately at dusk in watered garden near plants infested with aphids or other host insect pests. If it is not possible to release ladybugs immediately after arrival, they can be stored in the refrigerator at 38o F until you are ready to release them in the garden. However, for their highest survival rate in the refrigerator, it is recommended that the bags containing lady bird beetles should be pre-conditioned upon arrival by rinsing bags under cold water and then transferring them into the refrigerator at 38o F.\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003eBecause we can use them to control soft bodied insect pests that cause tremendous damage to our organic vegetables. Also, these biological control agents have a wide host range and can be easily introduced in the garden.\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are not harmful to children, pets and the environment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm plants and like pesticides, there is no question of leaving any toxic chemical residue on the produce that is ready to eat.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production or application.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTherefore, any produce including all vegetables are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with ladybugs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ehttp:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hippodamia_convergens\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ehttp:\/\/www.ipm.ucdavis.edu\/PMG\/NE\/convergent_lady_beetle.html\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Ladybugs","offers":[{"title":"500 Adults","offer_id":39450257883178,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1112500","price":21.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1500 Adults cover 800 Sq.ft. area","offer_id":257787864,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1112525","price":27.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"4500 Adults cover small garden","offer_id":282771884,"sku":"BFG-  AO 1112511","price":47.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"9000 Adults cover medium garden","offer_id":282774712,"sku":"BFG- AO 1112512","price":67.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"18,000 Adults cover large garden","offer_id":32351257755690,"sku":"BFG- AO 1112513","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"36,000 Adults","offer_id":32351258312746,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1112505","price":127.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"72,000 Adults","offer_id":32351258771498,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1112506","price":197.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Ladybug.jpeg?v=1353859692"},{"product_id":"predatory-mite-amblyseius-swirskii","title":"Predatory Mite, Amblyseius swirskii for spider mite, whitefly and thrip control","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory Mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskii\u003c\/em\u003e is an excellent biological control agent and has been used in controlling tiny pests such as whiteflies, thrips and spider mites that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown both in the greenhouses and fields.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAsian Citrus Psyllid, \u003cem\u003eDiaphorina citri\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBroad mites, \u003cem\u003ePolyphagotarsonemus latus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChilli thrips, \u003cem\u003eScirtothrips dorsalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreenhouse whitefly, \u003cem\u003eTrialeurodes vaporariorum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTobacco whitefly, \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato russet mite, \u003cem\u003eAculops lycopersici\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwospotted spider mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for Predatory Mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskii\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskii\u003c\/em\u003e are natural predators of insect pests.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskii\u003c\/em\u003e are considered as the warm adapted predatory mites because the optimum temperature required for their normal reproduction and development is between 20°C (68°F) and 29°C (84.2°F).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBecause of their warm adaptation capacity, these predatory mites are considered as the ideal biological control agents for controlling whiteflies, thrips or pest mites in the US greenhouses where temperatures often exceed 25°C during summer.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese mites become sluggish under cooler temperatures but they can become active again when temperature rise.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHowever, these mites do not survive under really cold and frosty conditions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn addition, \u003cem\u003eA. swirskii\u003c\/em\u003e do not undergo diapause due to short day-lengths or low temperatures therefore, they can be used target pests late in the fall and in the winter on indoor plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e mites work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e are known to feed voraciously on their hosts including spider mites, thrips and whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter application in the greenhouses or fields, predatory \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e starts munching on their hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach adult mite can consume 5 larvae of thirps or 15 larvae of whiteflies or 10 eggs of whiteflies per day.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese mites also consume spider mites, one of the most important pests greenhouse and field crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding, mites develop and reproduce rapidly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these mite can recycle continuously (do not need to apply again and again) and help to keep the pest population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on crop pests responsible for the damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can munch on different stages hosts including eggs and larvae of whiteflies and immature thrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their hosts and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on the foliage after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why predatory mites are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ede Almeida, A.A. and Janssen, A. 2013. Juvenile prey induce antipredator behaviour in adult predators. Experimental and Applied Acarology 59: 275- 282.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDogramaci, M., Arthurs, S.P., Chen, J.J., McKenzie, C., Irrizary, F. and Osborne, L. 2011. Management of chilli thrips \u003cem\u003eScirtothrips dorsalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on peppers by \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Biological Control 59: 340-347.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHoogerbrugge, H., Calvo, J., Houten, Y. and Bolckmans, K., 2005. Biological control of the tobacco whitefly \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e with the predatory mite \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e in sweet pepper crops. Bulletin OILB\/SROP 28, 119–122.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJuan-Blasco, M., Qureshi, J.A., Urbaneja, A. and Stansly, P.A. 2012. Predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae), for biological control of Asian citrus psyllid, \u003cem\u003eDiaphorina citri\u003c\/em\u003e (Hemiptera: Psyllidae). Florida Entomologist 95: 543-551.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKutuk, H., Yigit, A., Canhilal, R. and Karacaoglu, M. 2011. Control of western flower thrips (\u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e) with \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e on greenhouse pepper in heated and unheated plastic tunnels in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6: 5428-5433.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnzo, A., Houedokoho, A.F. and Hanna, R. 2012. Potential of the predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e to suppress the broad mite, \u003cem\u003ePolyphagotarsonemus latus\u003c\/em\u003e on the gboma eggplant, \u003cem\u003eSolanum macrocarpon\u003c\/em\u003e. Journal of Insect Science 12 Article Number: 7.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePark, H.H., Shipp, L., Buitenhuis, R. and Ahn, J.J. 2011. Life history parameters of a commercially available \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed on cattail (\u003cem\u003eTypha latifolia\u003c\/em\u003e) pollen and tomato russet mite (\u003cem\u003eAculops lycopersici\u003c\/em\u003e). Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology 14: 497-501.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXiao, Y.F., Avery, P., Chen, J.J., McKenzie, C. and Osborne, L. 2012. Ornamental pepper as banker plants for establishment of \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae) for biological control of multiple pests in greenhouse vegetable production. Biological Control 63: 279-286.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXu, X. and Enkegaard, A. 2010. Prey preference of the predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskiia\u003c\/em\u003e between first instar western flower thrips \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e and nymphs of the twospotted spider mite \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e. Journal of Insect Science 10:149.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory mite","offers":[{"title":"25,000 mites in 80% bran \u0026 20% vermiculite\/bag","offer_id":284691766,"sku":"BFG- BI-ASB\/AO-1101312","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 mites in bran- 1 L bottle","offer_id":616161357,"sku":"BFG- BI- ASBN\/ AO 1101312","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 mites- 100 mini sachets (250\/sachet)\/stick","offer_id":12256597737514,"sku":"BFG- BI- A1K","price":121.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 mites- 100 mini sachets (250\/sachet)\/hook","offer_id":31249321328682,"sku":"BFG- BI- A1H","price":121.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50,000 mites- 1L bottle","offer_id":14495730860074,"sku":"BFG- BI ASB5\/ AO- 1101319","price":209.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50,000 mites- 200 mini sachets with hooks","offer_id":14495743246378,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101317","price":219.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"62,500 mites- 500 mini sachets on sticks","offer_id":32310083518506,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101318","price":309.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"62,500 mites- 250 mini sachets (250\/Sach) on hooks","offer_id":39806428151850,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101308","price":249.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200,000 mites bulk","offer_id":14495745081386,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101309","price":372.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites\/bag","offer_id":283022518,"sku":"BFG- BI-ASBG\/ AO 1101311","price":299.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites- 500 mini Sachets (250\/sachet) with stick","offer_id":12256543375402,"sku":"BFG-BI AS5K\/","price":319.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites- 500 sachets (250\/sachet) with stick","offer_id":466618681,"sku":"BFG- BI AS5K","price":319.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites- 500 mini Sachets (250\/sachet) with hooks","offer_id":466635937,"sku":"BFG-BI AS5H\/ AO 1101306","price":319.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites\/bag in bran","offer_id":14495711920170,"sku":"BFG- BI ASGN","price":299.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,250 mites- 6x328 ft strips of sachets","offer_id":14495726043178,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101314","price":529.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 mites- 1000 mini sachets (250\/sach) with hooks","offer_id":466613281,"sku":"BFG-BI- AS1H\/ AO- 1101315","price":519.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 mites- 1000 mini sachets (250\/sach) with sticks","offer_id":12628661305386,"sku":"BFG-BI AS1K","price":519.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites- 1000 mini sachets with hooks","offer_id":1165225608,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101316","price":409.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Amblyseius_swirskii.jpg?v=1488129642"},{"product_id":"aphid-parasitic-wasp-aphelinus-abdominalis","title":"Aphid Killer Wasp, Aphelinus abdominalis for Aphid Control","description":"\u003cp\u003eAphid killer wasps, \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e are tiny parasitic wasps that have been used as an excellent biological control agent in controlling various species of aphids that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown in the greenhouses, fields, organic vegetable gardens and orchards. These small parasitic wasps are naturally found in North America and also commercially available.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cdl\u003e\r\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Aphid killer wasps, \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis \u003c\/em\u003eare\u003cem\u003e \u003c\/em\u003eeffective against following species of aphids\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAlfalfa aphid, \u003cem\u003eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBird cherry-oat aphid, \u003cem\u003eRhopalosiphum padi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCalifornia Laurel aphid, \u003cem\u003eEuthoracaphis umbellulariae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCereal aphid, \u003cem\u003eSitobion avenae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCotton aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eMelon aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ePotato aphid, \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for aphid killer wasp, \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are tiny natural parasites of aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAdults of aphid killer wasp, \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e are attracted to the colonies of aphids by responding to alarm signals produced by plants that infested with aphids and smell of honeydews secreted by aphids on the infested plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis \u003c\/em\u003elarvae are parasitic in nature feed on the body content of aphids whereas their adults feed only on honeydews secreted by aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis \u003c\/em\u003ewasps perform better against aphids when aphid population is at very low level in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe preventive applications of \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e will prevent out-break of certain species of aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe adult of aphid killer \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are generally attracted and stuck to yellow sticky traps and get killed before they can parasitize aphids by laying eggs in aphid body. Therefore, before releasing wasps, remove all the yellow sticky traps that are used for whitefly control in your gardens, greenhouse, fields and orchards.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIf ants are present on aphid infested plants in your garden or greenhouse, control them first before releasing \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e wasps as ants will defend aphids from predators and parasites to protect their honeydew food. If ants are not controlled, effectiveness of wasps as a parasite will be reduced.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e wasps perform better against aphids when temperatures are between70 and 77°F and relative humidity between 60 and 80%.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as ready-to-emerge mummies (containing wasp pupae) in small vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen package is arrived and you are not ready to release wasps in your garden, store packages in a cool place and avoid direct exposure to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIt is always better to release these wasps in the field within 15-20 hours of their arrival or storage.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive measure, try to release adult wasps that are already emerged from mummies by opening vials and walking slowly in the garden. Adult wasps should escape themselves from the vials. Then randomly place the un-hatched mammies in shaded areas in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure, aphid mummies or hatched adults should be released directly in the colonies of aphids or in the heavily infested areas with aphids in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these parasites may recycle continuously and help to keep the aphid population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e wasps work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as ready-to-emerge mummies (see below).\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen aphid mummies (containing wasp pupae) are applied in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields, adult wasps immediately start emerging from aphid mummies (sometime in the package you may see some already emerged wasp adults).\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eEmerged adults of \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e will be attracted to colonies of aphids by responding to alarm signals produced by plants infested with aphids and smell of honeydews secreted by aphids on the infested plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen adult wasps come across to colonies of aphids, they will select a suitable size aphid using their antennae to lays in aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eOnce an appropriate size aphid is found, adult wasp turn around and extend and insert its ovipositor tip into the abdomen (ventral side) of aphid and then lay eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWasp eggs hatch within the aphid body and hatched young larvae start feeding on the body content of aphid and complete its development within the aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe parasitized aphids will survive, reproduce and feed on plant tissue for a while but eventually they will die when the larvae of \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e wasp mature and pupate.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe dead aphids then turn into “mummies” (which are commercially sold to use as biological control of aphids).\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e wasps perform better against aphids when temperatures are between 70°F and 77°F and relative humidity between 60 and 80%.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by parasitizing and killing various species of aphids, which are responsible for the damage\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can parasitize and kill all different stages of their aphid hosts \u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their aphid hosts and parasitize them\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on aphids in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why parasitic wasps are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAzzouz, H., Cherqui, A., Campan, E.D.M., Rahbe, Y., Duport, G., Jouanin, L., Kaiser, L. and Giordanengo, P. 2005. Effects of plant protease inhibitors, oryzacystatin I and soybean Bowman-Birk inhibitor, on the aphid \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e (Homoptera, Aphididae) and its parasitoid \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae). Journal of Insect Physiology 51: 75-86.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCouty, A., Clark, S.J. and Poppy, G.M. 2001. Are fecundity and longevity of female \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e affected by development in GNA-dosed \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e? Physiological Entomology 26: 287-293.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eGillespie, D.R., Nasreen, A. Moffat, C.E., Clarke, P. and Roitberg, B.D. 2012. Effects of simulated heat waves on an experimental community of pepper plants, green peach aphids and two parasitoid species. OIKOS 121: 149-159.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eHolst, N. and Ruggle, P. 1997. A physiologically based model of pest-natural enemy interactions. Experimental and Applied Acarology 21: 325-341.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eHonek, A., Jarosik, V., Lapchin, L. and Rabasse, J.M. 1998. Host choice and offspring sex allocation in the aphid parasitoid \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e(Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae). Journal of Agricultural Entomology 15: 209-221.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eLe Ralec, A., Curty, C. and Wajnberg, E. 2005. Inter-specific variation in the reactive distance of different aphid-parasitoid associations: analysis from automatic tracking of the walking path. Applied Entomology and Zoology 40: 413-420.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eMolck, G. and Wyss, U. 2001. The effect of experience on the parasitization efficiency of the aphid antagonist \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e in greenhouse crops. Zeitschrift Fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz-Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 108: 616-625.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eMolck, G., Pinn, H. and Wyss, U. 2000. Manipulation of plant odour preference by learning in the aphid parasitoid \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae). European Journal of Entomology 97: 533-538.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ePons, X., Lumbierres, B., Antoni, R. and Stary, P. 2011. Parasitoid complex of alfalfa aphids in an IPM intensive crop system in northern Catalonia. Journal of Pest Science 84: 437-445.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Aphid Parasite","offers":[{"title":"250 adults","offer_id":290065454,"sku":"BFG- BI AD25\/ AO- 1101101","price":169.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 adults","offer_id":14496854048810,"sku":"BFG- BI AD1K\/ AO 1101103","price":389.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"250 Pupae","offer_id":13606938628,"sku":"BFG- BB- 000057","price":104.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1000 pupae","offer_id":614170621,"sku":"BFG- BB- 000050","price":344.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Parasitized_aphids_Mummies_by_wasps.jpg?v=1364091588"},{"product_id":"aphid-killer-aphidius-colemani-wasp","title":"Parasitic Aphid Killer wasp, Aphidius colemani","description":"\u003cp\u003eAphid Killer \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are tiny insects that are parasitic to over 40 species of aphids in nature. \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are about 2-3 mm long and slender bodied with yellowish colored abdomen and legs, and black colored head and thorax. These aphid killer wasps are commercially available and considered as the excellent biological control agent in controlling different species of aphids that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown in the greenhouses, fields, organic vegetable gardens and orchards.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cdl\u003e\r\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Aphid killer wasps, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e are effective against following species of aphids\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCotton aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eMelon aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for effectiveness of aphid killer wasp, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eFor effective control of aphids, release 1-2 adults of Aphid killer wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e per square meter of aphid infested area.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAphid killer wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e adults are attracted to the colonies of aphids by responding to smell of honeydews secreted by aphids on the infested plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAphid killer wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e adults are very active searchers of their aphid hosts even at very low population densities.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen females of \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e wasp find appropriate size aphids, they lay eggs into the aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThen eggs hatch inside the aphid and the hatched larvae start feeding and developing into pupae and then as adult.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThis parasitized aphid then bloat, dies and its body becomes crispy that referred to as mummy.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIf ants are present on aphid infested plants in your garden or greenhouse, control them first before releasing \u003cem\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e wasps as ants will defend aphids from predators and parasites to protect their honeydew food. If ants are not controlled, effectiveness of wasps as a parasite will be reduced.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e wasp performs better against aphids when aphid population is at very low level in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe preventive applications of \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e will prevent out-break of certain species of aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as ready-to-emerge mummies (containing wasp pupae) in small vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen package is arrived and you are not ready to release \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e wasps in your garden, store packages in a cool place and avoid direct exposure to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIt is always better to release these wasps in the field within 15-20 hours of their arrival or storage.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive measure, try to release adult wasps that are already emerged from mummies by opening vials and walking slowly in the garden. Adult wasps should escape themselves from the vials. Then randomly place the un-hatched mammies in shaded areas in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure, aphid mummies or hatched adults should be released directly in the colonies of aphids or in the heavily infested areas with aphids in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these parasites may recycle continuously and help to keep the aphid population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e wasps work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as ready-to-emerge mummies (see below)in vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen aphid mummies containing wasp pupae are applied in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields, adult wasps immediately start emerging from aphid mummies. Sometime you may notice that some wasp adults are already emerged from mummies during transit meaning they are ready to release in the aphid infested areas.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eEmerged adults of \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e will be attracted to aphid colonies by responding to smell of honeydews secreted by aphids on the infested plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen adult wasps come across to colonies of aphids, they will select a suitable size aphid using their antennae to lays in aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eOnce an appropriate size aphid is found, adult wasp using its ovipositor lay eggs inside aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWasp eggs hatch within the aphid body and hatched young larvae start feeding on the body content of aphid, complete its development and pupate within the aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe parasitized dead aphids will then turn into crispy mummies, which are commercially sold to use as beneficial insects to manage population of aphids in your garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by parasitizing and killing various species of aphids, which are responsible for the crop damage\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can parasitize and kill all different stages of their aphid hosts\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their aphid hosts, parasitize and kill them\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on aphids in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why parasitic wasps are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause damage to plants\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eVan Driesche, R. G., Lyon, S., Sanderson, J. P., Bennett, K. C., Stanek, E. J., III and Zhang, R.T. 2008. Greenhouse trials of \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) banker plants for control of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in greenhouse spring floral crops. Florida Entomologist 91: 583-591.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Aphid Parasite","offers":[{"title":"500 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":292124587,"sku":"BFG-BI AC5\/ AO- 1101302","price":79.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":292138615,"sku":"BFG- BI- AC10\/ AO- 1101301","price":111.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Mummies- 10X100\/Blister","offer_id":51405449724177,"sku":"BFG-BI AC10BP\/ AO- 1101300","price":121.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2,000 Mummies\/adults fine shavings","offer_id":53482167271697,"sku":"BFG- BI- AC2K","price":196.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":1154388568,"sku":"BFG-BI AC50\/ AO1101303","price":274.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Mummies- 50X100\/Blister","offer_id":32325611585578,"sku":"BFG-BI AC50BP\/ AO- 1101305","price":274.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 Mummies\/adults (2X 5,000)","offer_id":32310212689962,"sku":"BFG-AO-1101304","price":399.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/A.colemani.jpg?v=1478926642"},{"product_id":"endoparasitic-aphid-wasps-aphidius-ervi-for-aphid-control","title":"Parasitic wasp, Aphidius ervi for aphid control","description":"\u003cp\u003eAphid endoparasitic wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are black in color, 4-5 mm long and slender bodied with brown colored legs and long antennae. These endoparasitic aphid wasps are commercially available and considered as the excellent biological control agent in controlling different species of aphids especially \u003cem\u003eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown in the greenhouses, fields, organic vegetable gardens and orchards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Endoparasitic aphid wasps, \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e are effective against following species of aphids\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlasshouse potato aphid, \u003cem\u003eAulacorthum solani \u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Potatoes, sweet pepper etc)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Potatoes, sweet pepper etc)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePea aphid, \u003cem\u003eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Alfalfa, Clover, peas)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotato aphid, \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: 200 different plants including potatoes)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for effectiveness of endoparasitic aphid wasp,\u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor effective control of aphids, release 250 adults of endoparasitc aphid wasps \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e per 100 square feet of aphid infested area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEndoparasitic aphid wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e adults are very active searchers of their aphid hosts even at very low population densities.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e uses volatile chemical cues released from host-aphid-damaged plants to located colonies of host aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasp finds an aphid colony, they use both visual and olfactory cues to find an appropriate size aphid to lay eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen females of \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasp find an appropriate size aphid, they use their ovipositors to lay a single egg inside the aphid host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThen eggs hatch inside the aphid and the hatched larvae start feeding and developing into pupae and then into adult.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis parasitized aphid then bloat, dies and its body becomes crispy that referred to as mummy, which is typically golden to brown or black in color.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf ants are present on aphid infested plants in your garden or greenhouse, control them first before releasing \u003cem\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e wasps as ants will defend aphids from predators and parasites to protect their honeydew food. If ants are not controlled, effectiveness of wasps as a parasite will be reduced.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasp performs better against aphids when aphid population is at very low level in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs adult \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are generally attracted to yellow sticky traps and get killed before they can parasitize aphids by laying eggs in aphid body, remove all the yellow sticky traps used for whitefly control before releasing wasps in your gardens, greenhouse, fields and orchards.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe preventive applications of \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e will prevent out-break of certain species of aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as ready-to-use adults in small vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen package is arrived and you are not ready to release \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps in your garden, store packages in a cool place and avoid direct exposure to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is always better to release these wasps in the field within 15-20 hours of their arrival or storage.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive measure, release adult wasps by opening vials and walking slowly in the garden. Adult wasps should escape themselves from the vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure, wasp adults should be released directly in the colonies of aphids or in the heavily infested areas with aphids in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these parasites may recycle continuously and help to keep the aphid population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e wasps work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as ready-to-use adults in vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasp adults are applied in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields, they will be attracted to aphid colonies by responding to the smell of honeydews secreted by aphids on the infested plants or to the volatile chemicals from aphid damaged plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen adult wasps come across to colonies of aphids, they will select a suitable size aphid using their antennae and vision to lays in aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce an appropriate size aphid is found, adult wasp using its ovipositor lay eggs inside aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWasp eggs hatch within the aphid body and hatched young larvae start feeding on the body content of aphid, complete its development and pupate within the aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe parasitized dead aphids will then turn into crispy, gold to brown or black colored mummies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies, life cycle will continue and they will continue to suppress the population of host aphids that are responsible for causing economic damage to many crops grown in your gardens or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need endoparasitic wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by parasitizing and killing various host species of aphids, which are responsible for the crop damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can parasitize and kill all different stages of their aphid hosts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their aphid hosts, parasitize and kill them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on aphids in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why parasitic wasps are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause damage to plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBattaglia, D., Poppy, G.M., Powell, W., Romano, A., Tranfaglia, A. and Pennacchio, F. 2000. Physical and chemical cues influencing the ovipositional behaviour of \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 94, 219–227.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDu, Y., Poppy, G.M., Powell, W., Pickett, J.A., Wadhams, L.J. and Woodcock, C.M. 1998. Identification of semiochemical released during aphid feeding that attracts the parasitoid \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 24, 1355–1368.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFeng, M.G., Johnson, J.B. and Halbert, S.E. 1991.Natural control of cereal aphids (Homoptera, Aphididae) by entomopathogenic fungi (Zygomycetes, Entomophthorales) and parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Encyrtidae) on irrigated spring wheat in southwestern Idaho. Environmental Entomology 20: 1699-1710.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGillespie, D.R. and Acheampong, S. 2012. Dropping behaviour in \u003cem\u003eAulacorthum solani\u003c\/em\u003e (Hemiptera: Aphididae) following attack by \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): are sticky stem bands a useful integrated pest management method? Canadian Entomologist 144: 589-598.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuerrieri, E., Poppy, G.M., Powell, W., Tremblay, E. and Pennacchio, F. 1999. Induction and systemic release of herbivore-induced plant volatiles mediating in-flight orientation of \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 25, 1247–1261.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Aphid Parasite","offers":[{"title":"250 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":293095213,"sku":"BFG- BI- AE25\/ AO- 1001001","price":107.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":12311390519338,"sku":"BFG- BI AE50\/ AO- 1001002","price":189.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":614155545,"sku":"BFG- BI AE1K\/AO- 1001003","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Mummies- 10X100\/Blister","offer_id":32272514416682,"sku":"BFG- BI AE1KBP\/ AO- 1001004","price":284.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2000 Mummies-adults","offer_id":39807791988778,"sku":"BFG- BI- AE2K\/ AO 1001004","price":383.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Mummies\/adults\/CUP","offer_id":14497168097322,"sku":"BFG- BI- AE50-CUP\/ AO- 1001005","price":788.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Mummies\/adults 4OZ bottle","offer_id":53482326163729,"sku":"BFG- BI- AE5K\/ AO- 1001005","price":788.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Aphid_mummies.jpg?v=1365022799"},{"product_id":"combo-aphid-parasitoide-aphidius-colemani-ervi","title":"Two mixed parasitic wasps, Aphidius colemani \u0026 Aphidius ervi for aphid control","description":"\u003cp\u003eAphid endoparasitic wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e are 2-3 mm and 4-5 mm long and slender bodied, respectively. These two endoparasitic aphid wasps are commercially available as a mixture in a single package to target their different species specific host aphid species that occur as a mixed population and cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown in the greenhouses, fields, organic vegetable gardens and orchards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Endoparasitic aphid wasps, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e together are effective against following species of aphids\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAphid wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e specifically control following aphid species\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCotton aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMelon aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAphid wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e specifically control following aphid species\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlasshouse potato aphid, \u003cem\u003eAulacorthum solani \u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Potatoes, sweet pepper etc)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Potatoes, sweet pepper etc)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePea aphid, \u003cem\u003eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Alfalfa, Clover, peas)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotato aphid, \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: 200 different plants including potatoes)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for effectiveness of endoparasitic aphid wasps,\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor effective control of aphids, release 2-5 adults of both endoparasitc aphid wasps (\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e) per 10 square feet of aphid infested area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth endoparasitic aphid wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e adults are very active searchers of their aphid hosts even at very low population densities.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e use volatile chemical cues released from host-aphid-damaged plants to located colonies of host aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps find their specific host aphid colony, they use both visual and olfactory cues to find an appropriate size aphid to lay eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen females of both \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps find an appropriate size aphid, they use their ovipositors to lay a single egg inside the aphid host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThen eggs hatch inside the aphid and the hatched larvae start feeding and developing into pupae and then into adult.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis parasitized aphid then bloat, dies and its body becomes crispy that referred to as mummy, which is typically golden to brown or black in color.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf ants are present on aphid infested plants in your garden or greenhouse, control them first before releasing both \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps as ants will defend aphids from predators and parasites to protect their honeydew food. If ants are not controlled, effectiveness of wasps as a parasite will be reduced.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps performs better against aphids when aphid population is at very low level in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs adult both \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are generally attracted to yellow sticky traps and get killed before they can parasitize aphids by laying eggs in aphid body, remove all the yellow sticky traps used for whitefly control before releasing wasps in your gardens, greenhouse, fields and orchards.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe preventive applications of both \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e together will prevent out-break of certain species of aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as mixture of ready-to-use adults in small vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen package is arrived and you are not ready to release wasps in your garden, store packages in a cool place and avoid direct exposure to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is always better to release these wasps in the field within 15-20 hours of their arrival or storage.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive measure, release adult wasps by opening vials and walking slowly in the garden. Adult wasps should escape themselves from the vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure, wasp adults should be released directly in the colonies of aphids or in the heavily infested areas with aphids in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these parasites may recycle continuously and help to keep the aphid population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as a mixture of ready-to-use adults in vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen a mixture of \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasp adults are applied in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields, they will be attracted to their specific aphid host colonies by responding to the smell of honeydews secreted by aphids on the infested plants or to the volatile chemicals from aphid damaged plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen adult wasps come across to colonies of aphids, they will select a suitable size aphid using their antennae and vision to lays in aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce an appropriate size aphid is found, adult wasp using its ovipositor lay eggs inside aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWasp eggs hatch within the aphid body and hatched young larvae start feeding on the body content of aphid, complete its development and pupate within the aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe parasitized dead aphids will then turn into crispy, gold to brown or black colored mummies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies, life cycle will continue and they will continue to suppress the population of host aphids that are responsible for causing economic damage to many crops grown in your gardens or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need a mixture of two endoparasitic wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by parasitizing and killing a variety of host species of aphids, which are responsible for the crop damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can parasitize and kill all different stages of their specific aphid hosts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their aphid hosts, parasitize and kill them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on aphids in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why parasitic wasps are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause damage to plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBattaglia, D., Poppy, G.M., Powell, W., Romano, A., Tranfaglia, A. and Pennacchio, F. 2000. Physical and chemical cues influencing the ovipositional behaviour of \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 94, 219–227.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVan Driesche, R. G., Lyon, S., Sanderson, J. P., Bennett, K. C., Stanek, E. J., III and Zhang, R.T. 2008. Greenhouse trials of \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) banker plants for control of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in greenhouse spring floral crops. Florida Entomologist 91: 583-591.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Aphid Parasite","offers":[{"title":"500 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":295222755,"sku":"BFG-BI ACE5","price":147.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"750 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":53482202267921,"sku":"BFG-BI ACE750","price":183.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":32268344131626,"sku":"BFG- BI ACE1K","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Mummies- 10x100\/Blister","offer_id":32268347506730,"sku":"BFG- BI ACE1KBP","price":269.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Mummies- 50x100\/Blister","offer_id":32268348686378,"sku":"BFG- BI ACE5KBP","price":754.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1500 Mummies\/adults -2 bottles (750\/bottle)","offer_id":614618033,"sku":"BFG- BB- 000270","price":229.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"three-aphid-parasitoide-aphidius-colemani-ervi-aphelinus-mix","title":"Three mixed parasitic wasps, Aphidius colemani\/ervi\/Aphelinus for aphid control","description":"\u003cp\u003eAphid endoparasitic wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e are small and slender bodied beneficial insects. These three endoparasitic aphid wasps are commercially available as a mixture in a single package to target their different species specific host aphids that occur as a mixed population and cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown in the greenhouses, fields, organic vegetable gardens and orchards.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Endoparasitic aphid wasps, \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e together are effective against following species of aphids\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAphid wasp \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e specifically control following aphid species\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlfalfa aphid, \u003cem\u003eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBird cherry-oat aphid, \u003cem\u003eRhopalosiphum padi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCalifornia Laurel aphid, \u003cem\u003eEuthoracaphis umbellulariae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCereal aphid, \u003cem\u003eSitobion avenae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCotton aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMelon aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotato aphid, \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAphid wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e specifically control following aphid species\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCotton aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMelon aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAphid wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e specifically control following aphid species\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlasshouse potato aphid, \u003cem\u003eAulacorthum solani \u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Potatoes, sweet pepper etc)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Potatoes, sweet pepper etc)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePea aphid, \u003cem\u003eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Alfalfa, Clover, peas)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotato aphid, \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: 200 different plants including potatoes)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for effectiveness of endoparasitic aphid wasps,\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor effective control of aphids, release 2-5 adults of three endoparasitc aphid wasps (\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e) per 10 square feet of aphid infested area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThree endoparasitic aphid wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e adults are very active searchers of their aphid hosts even at very low population densities.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThree \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e use volatile chemical cues released from host-aphid-damaged plants to located colonies of host aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps find their specific host aphid colony, they use both visual and olfactory cues to find an appropriate size aphid to lay eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen females of three \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps find an appropriate size aphid, they use their ovipositors to lay a single egg inside the aphid host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThen eggs hatch inside the aphid and the hatched larvae start feeding and developing into pupae and then into adult.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis parasitized aphid then bloat, dies and its body becomes crispy that referred to as mummy, which is typically golden to brown or black in color.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf ants are present on aphid infested plants in your garden or greenhouse, control them first before releasing three parasitic wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e as ants will defend aphids from predators and parasites to protect their honeydew food. If ants are not controlled, effectiveness of wasps as a parasite will be reduced.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThree wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e together performs better against aphids when aphid population is at very low level in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs adults of all the three wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e are attracted to yellow sticky traps and get killed before they can parasitize aphids by laying eggs in aphid body, remove all the yellow sticky traps used for whitefly control before releasing wasps in your gardens, greenhouse, fields and orchards.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe preventive applications of three wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e,\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e together will prevent out-break of certain species of aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are generally shipped as mixture of ready-to-use adults in small vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen package is arrived and you are not ready to release wasps in your garden, store packages in a cool place and avoid direct exposure to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is always better to release these wasps in the field within 15-20 hours of their arrival or storage.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive measure, release adult wasps by opening vials and walking slowly in the garden. Adult wasps should escape themselves from the vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure, wasp adults should be released directly in the colonies of aphids or in the heavily infested areas with aphids in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these parasites may recycle continuously and help to keep the aphid population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are generally shipped as a mixture of ready-to-use adults in vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen a mixture of \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e,\u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e adults are released in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields, they will be attracted to their specific aphid host colonies by responding to the smell of honeydews secreted by aphids on the infested plants or to the volatile chemicals from aphid damaged plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen adult wasps come across to colonies of aphids, they will select a suitable size aphid using their antennae and vision to lays in aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce an appropriate size aphid is found, adult wasp using its ovipositor lay eggs inside aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWasp eggs hatch within the aphid body and hatched young larvae start feeding on the body content of aphid, complete its development and pupate within the aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe parasitized dead aphids will then turn into crispy, gold to brown or black colored mummies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies, life cycle will continue and they will continue to suppress the population of host aphids that are responsible for causing economic damage to many crops grown in your gardens or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need a mixture of two endoparasitic wasps including \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani \u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by parasitizing and killing a variety of host species of aphids, which are responsible for the crop damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can parasitize and kill all different stages of their specific aphid hosts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their aphid hosts, parasitize and kill them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on aphids in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why parasitic wasps are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause damage to plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBattaglia, D., Poppy, G.M., Powell, W., Romano, A., Tranfaglia, A. and Pennacchio, F. 2000. Physical and chemical cues influencing the ovipositional behaviour of \u003cem\u003eAphidius ervi\u003c\/em\u003e. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 94, 219–227.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAzzouz, H., Cherqui, A., Campan, E.D.M., Rahbe, Y., Duport, G., Jouanin, L., Kaiser, L. and Giordanengo, P. 2005. Effects of plant protease inhibitors, oryzacystatin I and soybean Bowman-Birk inhibitor, on the aphid \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e (Homoptera, Aphididae) and its parasitoid \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae). Journal of Insect Physiology 51: 75-86.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCouty, A., Clark, S.J. and Poppy, G.M. 2001. Are fecundity and longevity of female \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e affected by development in GNA-dosed \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e? Physiological Entomology 26: 287-293.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGillespie, D.R., Nasreen, A. Moffat, C.E., Clarke, P. and Roitberg, B.D. 2012. Effects of simulated heat waves on an experimental community of pepper plants, green peach aphids and two parasitoid species. OIKOS 121: 149-159.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHolst, N. and Ruggle, P. 1997. A physiologically based model of pest-natural enemy interactions. Experimental and Applied Acarology 21: 325-341.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHonek, A., Jarosik, V., Lapchin, L. and Rabasse, J.M. 1998. Host choice and offspring sex allocation in the aphid parasitoid \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e(Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae). Journal of Agricultural Entomology 15: 209-221.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLe Ralec, A., Curty, C. and Wajnberg, E. 2005. Inter-specific variation in the reactive distance of different aphid-parasitoid associations: analysis from automatic tracking of the walking path. Applied Entomology and Zoology 40: 413-420.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMolck, G. and Wyss, U. 2001. The effect of experience on the parasitization efficiency of the aphid antagonist \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e in greenhouse crops. Zeitschrift Fur Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz-Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 108: 616-625.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMolck, G., Pinn, H. and Wyss, U. 2000. Manipulation of plant odour preference by learning in the aphid parasitoid \u003cem\u003eAphelinus abdominalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae). European Journal of Entomology 97: 533-538.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePons, X., Lumbierres, B., Antoni, R. and Stary, P. 2011. Parasitoid complex of alfalfa aphids in an IPM intensive crop system in northern Catalonia. Journal of Pest Science 84: 437-445.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVan Driesche, R. G., Lyon, S., Sanderson, J. P., Bennett, K. C., Stanek, E. J., III and Zhang, R.T. 2008. Greenhouse trials of \u003cem\u003eAphidius colemani\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) banker plants for control of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in greenhouse spring floral crops. Florida Entomologist 91: 583-591.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Aphid Parasite","offers":[{"title":"500 Mixed Mummies\/adults","offer_id":295229033,"sku":"BFG- BI AMX1","price":123.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"aphid-parasite-aphidius-matricariae","title":"Aphid Parasite, Aphidius matricariae","description":"\u003cp\u003eAphid endoparasitic wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e adults are blackish in color with 2-3 mm long and slender bodied insects. This endoparasitic aphid wasp is commercially available and used to control different types of aphids that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown in the greenhouses and outdoors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Parasitic aphid wasp, \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e are effective against following species of aphids\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBean aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis fabae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCotton aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePea aphid, \u003cem\u003eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotato aphid, \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTobacco aphid,\u003cem\u003eMyzus nicotianae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for effectiveness of endoparasitic aphid wasp,\u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor effective control of aphids, release one \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e wasp adult per 20 sqft of aphid infested area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEndoparasitic aphid wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e adults are very active searchers even at very low population densities of their hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e uses volatile chemical cues released from host-aphid-damaged plants to located colonies of host aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e wasp finds an aphid colony, they use both visual and olfactory cues to find an appropriate size aphid to lay eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen females of \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e wasp find an appropriate size aphid, they use their ovipositors to lay a single egg inside the aphid host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThen eggs hatch inside the aphid and the hatched larvae start feeding and developing into pupae and then into adult.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis parasitized aphid then bloat, dies and its body becomes crispy that referred to as mummy, which is typically golden to brown or black in color.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf ants are present on aphid infested plants in your garden or greenhouse, control them first before releasing \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e wasps as ants will defend aphids from predators and parasites to protect their honeydew food. If ants are not controlled, effectiveness of wasps as a parasite will be reduced.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e wasp performs better against aphids when aphid population is at very low level in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs adult \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are generally attracted to yellow sticky traps and get killed before they can parasitize aphids by laying eggs in aphid body, remove all the yellow sticky traps used for whitefly control before releasing wasps in your gardens, greenhouse, fields and orchards.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe preventive applications of \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e will prevent out-break of certain species of aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as ready-to-use pre-emerged\/pre-fed adults in small vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen package is arrived and you are not ready to release \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e wasps in your garden, store packages in a cool place and avoid direct exposure to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is always better to release these wasps in the field within 15-20 hours of their arrival or storage.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive measure, release adult wasps by opening vials and walking slowly in the garden. Adult wasps should escape themselves from the vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure, wasp adults should be released directly in the colonies of aphids or in the heavily infested areas with aphids in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these parasites may recycle continuously and help to keep the aphid population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e wasps work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as ready-to-use pre-emerged\/pre-fed adults in vials.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e wasp adults are applied in the vegetable gardens, greenhouses or fields, they will be attracted to aphid colonies by responding to the smell of honeydews secreted by aphids on the infested plants or to the volatile chemicals from aphid damaged plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen adult wasps come across to colonies of aphids, they will select a suitable size aphid using their antennae and vision to lays in aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce an appropriate size aphid is found, adult wasp using its ovipositor lay eggs inside aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWasp eggs hatch within the aphid body and hatched young larvae start feeding on the body content of aphid, complete its development and pupate within the aphid body.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe parasitized dead aphids will then turn into crispy, gold to brown or black colored mummies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 14- 15 days, adult wasps will start emerging from mummies, life cycle will continue and they will continue to suppress the population of host aphids that are responsible for causing economic damage to many crops grown in your gardens or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need endoparasitic wasp \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by parasitizing and killing various host species of aphids, which are responsible for the crop damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can parasitize and kill all different stages of their aphid hosts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their aphid hosts, parasitize and kill them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on aphids in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why parasitic wasps are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause damage to plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSanchez, J.A., La-Spina, M., Michelena, J.M., Lacasa, A. and Hermoso de Mendoza, A. 2011. Ecology of the aphid pests of protected pepper crops and their parasitoids. Biocontrol Science and Technology. 21: 171-188.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRashki, M., Kharazi-pakdel, A., Allahyari, H. and J.J.M. 2009. Interactions among the entomopathogenic fungus, \u003cem\u003eBeauveria bassiana\u003c\/em\u003e (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), the parasitoid, \u003cem\u003eAphidius matricariae\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and its host, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e (Homoptera: Aphididae). Biological Control 50: 324-328.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Aphid Parasite","offers":[{"title":"5000 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":614182209,"sku":"BFG- BI- AMAT5K","price":401.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 Mummies\/adults","offer_id":32272535781418,"sku":"BFG- BI- AMAT5","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2000 Mummies\/adults in 4 tubes (500\/tube)","offer_id":614179753,"sku":"BFG-BB-111973","price":227.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Colony_of_Aphids.jpg?v=1366829496"},{"product_id":"aphid-predatory-midge-aphidoletes-aphidimyza","title":"Aphid predatory midge, Aphidoletes aphidimyza","description":"\u003cp\u003eAphid Predatory Midge \u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e are small black colored and 3-4 mm long flies. These predatory midge flies are commercially available and considered as the excellent biological control agent for the organic control of over 60 species of aphids that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops including cucumbers, eggplants, radish and tomatoes grown in the greenhouses and outdoors. If released into high aphid infestations, \u003cem\u003eA. aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e larvae are capable of killing much more aphids than they will actually eat. This means they handle easily heavy population pressure of aphids. Since these midges are extremely adaptable, they can be successfully used in many environments such as tall street trees, orchards, interiors, etc. They are capable of searching their pest victims in very high places like 60 foot tall canopy of pecan trees.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Aphid Predatory Midge \u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e are effective against following species of aphids\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCannabis aphid or hemp aphid or bhang aphid, \u003cem\u003ePhorodon cannabis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGlasshouse potato aphid, \u003cem\u003eAulacorthum solani\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen peach aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus persicae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePea aphid, \u003cem\u003eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotato aphid, \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlfalfa aphid, \u003cem\u003eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBird cherry-oat aphid, \u003cem\u003eRhopalosiphum padi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCalifornia laurel aphid, \u003cem\u003eEuthoracaphis umbellulariae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCereal aphid, \u003cem\u003eSitobion avenae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCotton aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMelon aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePotato aphid, \u003cem\u003eMacrosiphum euphorbiae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBean aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis fabae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTobacco aphid,\u003cem\u003eMyzus nicotianae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e are shipped as pupae (the last immature and inactive stage) in a vermiculite medium and the tubs they are normally shipped in serve well as emergence units.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo control heavy infestations of aphids, these pupae can be released in the greenhouses, street trees, fields, orchards and gardens by placing opened containers under aphid infested plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen package is arrived and you are not ready to release \u003cem style=\"line-height: 16px;\"\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e in your garden, store packages in a cool place and avoid direct exposure to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease these midges at the rate of 1-2 adults per square meter area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these predatory midges may recycle continuously and help to keep the aphid population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How aphid predatory midge \u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e work\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza \u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003eare shipped as pupae (the last immature and inactive stage) in a vermiculite medium and the tubs they are normally shipped in serve well as emergence units. To control heavy infestations of aphids, these pupae can be released in the greenhouses, street trees, fields, orchards and gardens. A single female of \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza \u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003elays up to 250 eggs amongst the aphids in the aphid colony. The larvae of this midge fly are predatory in nature. Immediately after hatching from eggs, larvae start killing aphids by injecting a toxin through their legs. Each larva of \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza \u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003ecan eat over 50 aphids per day. While feeding larvae develop through different developmental stages and become adult flies. The total life-span of these predatory midge flies is roughly 6 weeks. Under favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food (aphids) around \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza \u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003ecan recycle continuously, keep feeding on aphids and help to keep the aphid population under economic threshold level throughout the season. The optimum temperatures and a relative humidity for their development and performance are between 64-77°F and 70%, respectively but these optimum conditions are not necessarily a prerequisite for their successful implementation. However, \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza \u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003ecan undergo diapause (a quiescent state, hibernation) when temperatures less than 40 °F for extended periods or the photoperiod is less than 12 hours. These predatory midges are known to adapt any environment but care should be taken before releasing these midge flies in the greenhouses and vegetable gardens as they are very sensitive to many pesticides, their pupal stage may be susceptible to beneficial nematodes and they can undergo diapause when temperatures go below 40°F for extended periods. Also presence of ants on the aphid infested plants will reduce the effectiveness of larvae of \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"\u003e, as ants are known to defend aphids from predators and parasites to protect their honeydew food.\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need predatory aphid midge \u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by killing and eating over 60 different species of aphids, which are responsible for the crop damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can kill all different stages of their aphid hosts\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their aphid hosts and kill them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on aphids in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why \u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause damage to plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e \u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Aphid Parasite","offers":[{"title":"1000 Pupae","offer_id":39912955805738,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101001\/BI- AA1K","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Pupae in 4 blister PKS (250\/PK)","offer_id":12318038163498,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101002","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2000 Pupae","offer_id":295234637,"sku":"BFG- BI AA2\/ AO- 1101004","price":149.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 Pupae","offer_id":614193869,"sku":"BFG- BI- AA10\/ AO- 1101005","price":359.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3000 Pupae","offer_id":32325661032490,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101003","price":261.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"scale-control-wasp-aphytis-melinus","title":"Parasitic wasp, Aphytis melinus for scale insect control","description":"\u003cp\u003eBeneficial parasitic \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are also recognized as the golden Chalcid because of their yellowish gold color. These mini wasps are about 1.2 mm long but very effective in controlling different species of following armored scale insects. These beneficial wasps are commercially available and can be easily released in the scale insect infested citrus groves, greenhouses and gardens\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cdl\u003e\r\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Beneficial Parasitic \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003eare effective against following scale insect species\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCalifornia red scale, \u003cem\u003eAonidiella aurantii\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Citrus and flowering plants)\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCalifornia yellow scale \u003cem\u003eAonidiella citrine\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: Citrus)\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe magnolia white scale, \u003cem\u003ePseudaulacaspis cockerelli\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: 100 plant species including mango)\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe San Jose scale, \u003cem\u003eQuadraspidiotus perniciosus\u003c\/em\u003e (Host crops: nut and stone fruit trees)\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for Beneficial Parasitic Wasp, \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps use their antennae to find their scale insect hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and larvae of \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e kill and feed on scale insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps have a good reproductive potential so that they can be easily establish in the citrus grove, greenhouses or gardens when there is plenty of food available for them.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBecause of recycling capacity of \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps, money and time would be saved as you do not need to reapply them frequently after first application.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIf \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are successfully recycled in the garden, they can protect plants from armored scale insects throughout or beyond the cropping season.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIt is important to control ants before releasing wasps, as ants are known to disrupt oviposition of wasps.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps perform well when optimum temperature is between 76 and 85°F and a relative humidity between 40-50%. However, these optimum conditions are not necessarily a prerequisite for their success against scale insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How Parasitic Wasps \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in the greenhouses or gardens\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are commercially available and are shipped as pre-emerged adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps can be easily released by opening and waiving the shipped containers in the areas infested with armored scale insects in the citrus groves, greenhouses or gardens.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIt is recommended that the parasitic wasps,\u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e should be released throughout the scale insect infested areas at the rate of 5-6 adult wasps per square foot area. However, if population pressure of scale insects is very high, release over 10 wasp adults per square foot area.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How Beneficial Parasitic Wasp, \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e kill scale insects\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps use their antennae to find and select their scale insect hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eUsing their antennae, \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps makes sure that the selected scale insect is healthy and not already been parasitized by other parasites.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen suitable scale insect is found, a female wasp lays single egg underneath female scale insects that have loosened their position on the leaf to initiate reproduction.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eEach female of \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e can lay up to 25 eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAfter hatching from an egg, the wasps’ larva starts feeding on the underside of the scale insect externally. Since the wasp larvae of \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps feeds on the scale insects externally, they are considered as ectoparasites but not as endoparasities (organisms that complete all or part of their life cycle inside the insect host’s body are called as endoparasitic insects).\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eParasitized scales insects looks like dried scales with dark blackish spots.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eLike other insects, the larvae of these wasps also develop through different instars, pupate and then emerge as new parasitoid(s) from scale cadavers and seek new scale insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eLike other predatory insects, these wasps are also known to feed directly on the scales and they can easily kill and feed on as many as 25 scale insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on the scale insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host scales, kill and eat them\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on scale insects in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or gardens\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why parasitic wasps are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with beetles\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eSorribas, J., van Baaren, J. and Garcia-Mari, F. 2012. Effects of climate on the introduction, distribution and biotic potential of parasitoids: Applications to biological control of California red scale. Biological Control 62: 103-112.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eZappala, L., Campolo, O., Grande, S.B., Saraceno, F., Biondi, A., Siscaro, G. and Palmeri, V. 2012. Dispersal of \u003cem\u003eAphytis melinus\u003c\/em\u003e(Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) after augmentative releases in citrus orchards. European Journal of Entomology 109: 561-568.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Scale Insect Control","offers":[{"title":"10,000 Adults","offer_id":295235755,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1122001","price":174.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Adults","offer_id":466750121,"sku":"BFG-AO- 1122002","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50,000 Adults","offer_id":466747989,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1122003","price":209.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Scale_insects.jpg?v=1366829394"},{"product_id":"predatory-row-beetle-atheta-coriaria","title":"Predatory Rove beetle, Atheta (Dalotia) coriaria","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory rove beetles, \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e are soil-dwelling beetles and have been used as an excellent biological control agent for the control of various soil-dwelling insect pests (see below) that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown in the greenhouses and gardens. These predatory insects are taxonomically considered as beetles but they do not look like beetles as they have 3-4 mm long and narrow brownish- black color body with short and indistinct eletra (fore wings). These beetles are capable of flying but you only notice them especially when they are running on the ground or their abdomens typically curved upward, like a scorpion when disturbed. Both larvae and adults of rove beetles look alike except that adults have two pairs of wings. These predatory beetles are naturally found in North America but also commercially available for application in the greenhouses and vegetable gardens for control of small insects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Predatory Rove beetles, \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria \u003c\/em\u003eare effective against following insect species\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFungus gnats, \u003cem\u003eBradysia\u003c\/em\u003e spp. and \u003cem\u003eLycoriella\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMealybugs, \u003cem\u003eRhizoecus arabicus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShore flies, \u003cem\u003eScatella stagnalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpringtails\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankiniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for Predatory Rove beetles, \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and larvae of \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e beetles are predatory in nature and they have an ability to consume over 10-15 host insects per day.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and larvae of \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e are very active and attracted to decomposing plant material or organic matter where they can find their hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e predatory rove beetles have ability to colonize rapidly after application.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e predatory rove beetles can easily adapt in various types of potting media including nursery-mix, pro-mix and coconut fiber\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e beetles are opportunistic predators, they remain fairly high in numbers in the greenhouse with a gravel floor or raised beds, or in a garden with lots of organic matter after application. This means you do not have to re-release them more often, which can save you money and time.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese predatory beetles are happy and perform good against fungus gnats, shore flies and mealybugs in the greenhouses or gardens when temperature is between 67-78°F and a relative humidity between 40-99%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince adults of predatory rove beetles are capable of flying, they can easily disperse to new host infested area in the greenhouse where they can colonize.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How predatory beetles \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in the greenhouses or gardens\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e are shipped as ready-to-release adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePredatory rove beetles should be released immediately after their arrival but for any reason, if you are not ready to release, you can store them in a cool place at 10°C (50°F) for at least a week without affecting their effectiveness.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is advisable to check the viability of rove beetles before releasing them in the greenhouse or garden. If they are alive, you will be able to see their movement in the containers. Since rove beetles, \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e are very aggressive fliers, care should be taken that the containers should be opened only in the area where rove beetles are supposed to be released.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor effective control of insect pests like fungus gnats, shore flies and mealybugs release predatory rove beetles, \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e by opening containers in the greenhouses when population pressure of fungus gnats or other host pests is very low.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is recommended that the predatory rove beetles, Atheta coriaria should be released throughout the greenhouse or garden at the rate of 3-5 adults per square meter area (i.e. per 10 square foot area). However, if population pressure of fungus gnats or other host pests is very high, release over 10 row beetle adults per square meter area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How predatory \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e rove beetles work in the greenhouses or gardens\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e are shipped as ready-to-release adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen predatory rove beetles are released in the greenhouses or gardens, they can easily disperse all throughout the greenhouse or garden by crawling on media substrate or by flying.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThen they actively search for their hosts and rapidly colonize in the release area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth larvae and adults of rove beetles are predatory in nature and feed on larval and egg stages of fungus gnats and shore flies, pupae of western flower thrips, all the soil-dwelling stages of mealybugs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePredatory rove beetles, \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e also feed on aphids and mites but if there is a choice, then they will prefer to feed on larvae and eggs of fungus gnats and shore flies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDepending on the availability of optimal environmental conditions and ample of food supply, these released rove beetles can reproduce and complete their egg to egg life cycle within 21 days at 70°F in the greenhouses or gardens.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFemales of \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e lay eggs, which hatch into predacious larvae within 3-4 days. The hatched larvae then immediately starts feeding on their host insects, develop through three instars and then pupate in silken chambers. Then adults emerge from pupae and life cycle continues. The temperature and a relative humidity for optimum development and performance of rove beetles in the covered crops would be between 67-78°F and 40-99%, respectively.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on all the larval stages of both the fungus gnats and shore flies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can kill and feed all the soil-dwelling stages including pupae of thrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can also feed on greenhouse aphids and mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host insects, kill and eat them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on their insect hosts including fungus gnats, shore flies and mealybugs in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or gardens\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why predatory beetles are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with beetles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCox, P.D., Matthews, L., Jacobson, R.J., Cannon, R., MacLeod, A. and Walters, K.F.A. 2006. Potential for the use of biological agents for the control of \u003cem\u003eThrips palmi\u003c\/em\u003e (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) outbreaks. Biocontrol Science and Technology 16: 871-891.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJandricic, S., Scott-Dupree, C.D., Broadbent, A.B. Harris, C.R. and Murphy, G. 2006. Compatibility of \u003cem\u003eAtheta coriaria\u003c\/em\u003e with other biological control agents and reduced-risk insecticides used in greenhouse floriculture integrated pest management programs for fungus gnats. Canadian Entomologist 138: 712-722.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory Rove Beetle","offers":[{"title":"100 Adults","offer_id":12628710162474,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101329","price":54.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"500 Adults","offer_id":616585605,"sku":"BFG- BI DC5\/ AO- 1101330","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Adults","offer_id":295239583,"sku":"BFG- BI-DC10\/AO1101331","price":134.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3000 Adults","offer_id":1165844348,"sku":"BFG-BIDC3BK\/ AO1101332","price":264.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Adults","offer_id":32272581885994,"sku":"BFG- BI DC5K\/ AO- 1101334","price":349.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Row_Beetle_Larva.jpg?v=1366896410"},{"product_id":"bombus-impatiens","title":"Bumblebees, Bombus impatiens for pollination","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #ff0000;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWe only guarantee by overnight\/next day shipping.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBumblebees for crop pollination.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth the outdoor and greenhouse grown plants including cucumbers, peppers, squash, tomatoes etc. require the additional assistance for pollination for setting of fruits. For outdoor grown plants, a job of pollination is done naturally by wind, honeybees, bumblebees and wasps but the pollination of plants that are grown in the greenhouses require an employment of human labor or release of bumblebees.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCurrently, three species of bumblebees including \u003cem\u003eBombus\u003c\/em\u003e spp., \u003cem\u003eB. impatiens\u003c\/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eB. occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e have been used for the pollination of following different crops. When compared with honeybees (\u003cem\u003eApis mellifera\u003c\/em\u003e), bumblebees are bigger in size and faster and therefore, most of the organic growers have success with bumblebee hives with the huge labor-savings and improved fruit-sets.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Following field and greenhouse vegetable crops, fodder crops, and fruits and nuts are pollinated by bumblebees\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eField and greenhouse vegetable crops:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBroad bean, \u003cem\u003eVicia faba\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCantaloupe and Melon, \u003cem\u003eCucumis melo\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBell, green and red peppers, \u003cem\u003eCapsicum annuum\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eCapsicum frutescens\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCotton,\u003cem\u003eGossypium\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCowpea\/ Black-eyed pea\/ Blackeye bean, \u003cem\u003eVigna unguiculata\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCucumber, \u003cem\u003eCucumis sativus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggplant, \u003cem\u003eSolanum melongena\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlax, \u003cem\u003eLinum usitatissimum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSoybean, \u003cem\u003eGlycine max\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eGlycine soja\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGourd, Marrow, Pumpkin, Squash, and Zuchini, \u003cem\u003eCucurbita\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSunflower, \u003cem\u003eHelianthus annuus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato, \u003cem\u003eSolanum lycopersicum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWatermelon, \u003cem\u003eCitrullus lanatus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFodder crops:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlsike clover, \u003cem\u003eTrifolium hybridum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArrowleaf clover, \u003cem\u003eTrifolium vesiculosum Savi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCrimson clover, \u003cem\u003eTrifolium incarnatum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLupine, \u003cem\u003eLupinus angustifolius\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRed clover, \u003cem\u003eTrifolium pratense\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVetch, \u003cem\u003eVicia\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhite clover, \u003cem\u003eTrifolium alba\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFruits and nuts:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlmond, \u003cem\u003ePrunus dulcis, \u003cem\u003ePrunus amygdalus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAmygdalus communis\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApple, \u003cem\u003eMalus domestica\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eMalus sylvestris\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApricot, \u003cem\u003ePrunus armeniaca\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlackberry, \u003cem\u003eRubus fruticosus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlueberry, \u003cem\u003eVaccinium\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrazil nut, \u003cem\u003eBertholletia excelsa\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCashew, \u003cem\u003eAnacardium occidentale\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCranberry, \u003cem\u003eVaccinium oxycoccus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eVaccinium macrocarpon\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuava, \u003cem\u003ePsidium guajava\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKiwifruit, \u003cem\u003eActinidia deliciosa\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLoquat, \u003cem\u003eEriobotrya japonica\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePassion fruit, \u003cem\u003ePassiflora edulis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeach\/ Nectarine, \u003cem\u003ePrunus persica\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePear, \u003cem\u003ePyrus communis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePersimmon, \u003cem\u003eDiospyros kaki\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eDiospyros virginiana\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePlum and Greengage, Mirabelle, Sloe, \u003cem\u003ePrunus domestica\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ePrunus spinosa\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRaspberry, \u003cem\u003eRubus idaeus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSour cherry, \u003cem\u003ePrunus cerasus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrawberry, \u003cem\u003eFragaria\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSweet Cherry, \u003cem\u003ePrunus avium\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTangelo, \u003cem\u003eCitrus\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTangerine, \u003cem\u003eCitrus tangerina\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ When and how bumblebees are used for pollination?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe bumblebee hives are constructed of cardboards and plastics. These hives are completely self-contained and sold with their own food source. Growers should release bumblebees in the greenhouses shortly after the appearance of first flowers. Generally bumblebees perform better under optimal greenhouse conditions and they remain active even at cold temperature as low as 41°F but their activity is completely reduced by extreme hot temperature. When placed out-doors, make sure that the bumblebee hives should be sheltered properly from extreme and cold temperatures. In the greenhouses, the hives must be placed above the ground to protect from irrigation water and blowing air from fans.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMake sure that bees in hives are settled down before opening of the small doors otherwise they will become violent and possibly start stinging. If someone is allergic to bee stings then that person should avoid going near to bumblebee hive. Non-allergic people can work freely and calmly around bee hives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBombus impatiens\u003c\/em\u003e can be used in all states except in Oregon where they are prohibited, in Washington they can be used only in screened structures and in California growers need state-issued permits.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ For effective pollination, how many \u003cem\u003eBombus impatiens\u003c\/em\u003e bumblebees should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs an industry standard, bumblebee hives are sold in three different sizes including A, B, C and Quads that are used to treat different sizes of area. For example:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClass A hives can treat 10-15,000 square feet for 12-14 weeks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClass B hives can treat 5-10,000 square feet for 10-12 weeks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eClass C hives can treat up to 5,000 square feet for 4-5 weeks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuads are large outdoor hives can treat up to 2 acres on its own or up to 4 acres supplementary.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need \u003cem\u003eBombus impatiens\u003c\/em\u003e bumblebees\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBecause bumblebees are bigger in size and faster than honeybees and therefore, most of the organic growers have success in pollination of many crop\/plant species with bumblebee hives with the huge labor-savings and improved fruit-sets.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThey can pollinate a wide range of plants and crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZisovich, A. H., Goldway, M., Schneider, D., Steinberg, S., Stern, E. and Stern, R. A. 2012. Adding bumblebees (\u003cem\u003eBombus terrestris\u003c\/em\u003e L., Hymenoptera: Apidae) to pear orchards increases seed number per fruit, fruit set, fruit size and yield. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 87: 353-359.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYu, W.B., Li, D.Z. and Wang, H. 2012. Highly efficient pollination by bumblebees ensures seed production in \u003cem\u003ePedicularis lachnoglossa\u003c\/em\u003e (Orobanchaceae), an early-flowering Himalayan plant. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 50: 218-226.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bumblebees for pollination","offers":[{"title":"75 workers\/ hive Standard","offer_id":295626299,"sku":"BFG- BI- STD","price":263.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"75 Bumblebee workers-Standard hive W- West of Rokies","offer_id":14440900868,"sku":"BFG- BI STD","price":251.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"55 Bumblebee workers- Medium hive","offer_id":14442346244,"sku":"BFG- BI MED","price":235.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"55 Bumblebee workers- Medium hive-W- West of Rockies","offer_id":53346398372113,"sku":"BFG- BI MED- W","price":235.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 box - Natupol Excel Bumblebee Hive Startup for greenhouse or hoop-house","offer_id":32325983961130,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1530112","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 box Natupol Excel bumblebee for greenhouse or hoop-house","offer_id":32325973180458,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1530111","price":349.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"75 Bumblebee workers-Standard hive with flying doctor insert","offer_id":14440601796,"sku":"BFG- BB - 990502","price":262.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"4 Bumblebee outdoor hives\/Box","offer_id":14443011588,"sku":"BFG- BB - 990293","price":381.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"12 Biogluc (Sugar Bladder) pks for Bumblebee food","offer_id":614144837,"sku":"BFG- BB - 109867","price":213.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 plus workers\/startup hive","offer_id":295630003,"sku":"BFG- BIS","price":219.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"75 Bumblebee worker bees\/standard hive","offer_id":1150924040,"sku":"BFG- BB - 990090","price":271.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"75 Bumblebee workers\/ Standard hive with Queen excluder","offer_id":14441614340,"sku":"BFG- BB - 990099","price":241.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"75 Bumblebee workers\/Standard hive with Queen excluder \u0026 Flying Doctor insert west","offer_id":14441799300,"sku":"BFG- BB- 990602","price":249.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"75 Bumblebee workers\/Standard hive with LightSystmWest","offer_id":14442071876,"sku":"BFG- BB - 990604","price":241.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"55 Bumblebee workers\/Medium hive with Queen excluder","offer_id":14442528388,"sku":"BFG- BB - 990606","price":204.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1 Bumblebee outdoor Hive","offer_id":14442705860,"sku":"BFG- BB - 990093","price":142.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1000 plus Bumblebees (1 Quad=4 hives each with 250 plus bees ) - Covers 2 Acres","offer_id":614134465,"sku":"BFG-BI BIQ","price":415.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"50 Bumblebee males\/hive","offer_id":614140661,"sku":"BFG- BB - 990094","price":103.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1 Bumblebee empty hive hotel","offer_id":295631875,"sku":"BFG- BIH","price":74.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"7 Adaptors for BumblebeeHome System","offer_id":295639773,"sku":"BFG- BB - 121009","price":87.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Bumble_bee.jpg?v=1372444971"},{"product_id":"predatory-brown-lacewing","title":"Brown Lacewing","description":"\u003cp\u003eBrown lacewings belongs to an insect family called Hemerobiidae and scientifically known as \u003cem\u003eHemerobius\u003c\/em\u003e spp. Like green lacewings, brown lacewings are also aggressive predators of aphids and other soft- bodied insects including whiteflies, scale insects and mealybugs and thrips. Adults of brown lacewings possess two pairs of transparent brown colored wings. Brown lacewing adults are tiny about 1 cm long insects with big eyes and very long and thin antennae. Both adults and larvae of brown lacewing are predatory in nature. Mature larvae of brown lacewing are about 10 mm long, brown in color and look like small alligators.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Predatory brown lacewings are effective against following insects and their stages\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferent species of aphids\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs of different insect species\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImmature stages of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMealybugs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall caterpillars\/larvae\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScale insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How Brown Lacewing, \u003cem\u003eHemerobius\u003c\/em\u003e spp. are applied?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrown lacewings are commercially sold as adults but both larval and adult stages are predatory in nature.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen brown lacewing adults are released in the garden, they are always very active early in the evening.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter mating, females generally lay eggs on aphid infested plants individually or in groups without any stalk, which is generally present in green lacewing eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese eggs hatch into larvae, which will then immediately start feeding on different stages of aphids and other host insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How do predatory brown lacewing,\u003cem\u003eHemerobius\u003c\/em\u003e spp. control insects pests?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs both adults and larvae of brown lacewings are predatory in nature, adults generally start feeding on aphids or any other soft-bodied insects soon after their release in the field.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLike green lacewing larvae, brown lacewing larvae also called as \"aphid lions\" because they voraciously feed on aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding on aphids, adults of brown lacewing mate and their females lay eggs on aphid infested plants. These eggs hatch into larvae that looks like a small alligator.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHatched larvae will immediately start feeding on different stages of aphids and other host insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrown lacewing larvae have curved jaws called mandibles that they use for catching and puncturing of their prey and then they suck body content of the punctured prey.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese predatory brown lacewing larvae can destroy and eat over 100 aphids within a week.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe larval stage lasts 2-3 weeks and they performs as biological control agents at optimum temperature between 67-89°F (19-31.6°C) with a relative humidity of 30% or greater. However, these environmental conditions are not necessarily a prerequisite of their successful implementation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need Predatory Brown Lacewing, \u003cem\u003eHemerobius\u003c\/em\u003e spp.?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on the soft bodied insect pests.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search, kill and eat their hosts including aphids, mealybugs, mites, immature stages of whiteflies and caterpillars\/larvae of different insect pests\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on aphids in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or gardens\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why Predatory Brown Lacewing,\u003cem\u003eHemerobius\u003c\/em\u003e spp. are safer than traditional pesticides?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with beetles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBranco, M., Franco, J. C., Carvalho, C. J. and Mendel, Z. 2001. Occurrence of \u003cem\u003eHemerobius stigma\u003c\/em\u003e Stephens in pine bast scale (\u003cem\u003eMatsucoccus\u003c\/em\u003e spp.) populations: opportunistic predation or obligatory association? Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura 33:397-407.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVidya, M.; Lingappa, S.; Patil, R. K.; Ramegowda, G. K. 2007. Host range, biology and feeding potential of brown lacewing, \u003cem\u003eMicromus igorotus\u003c\/em\u003e Banks. Journal of Biological Control 21:167-171.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\u003c\/dd\u003e\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory Brown Lacewing","offers":[{"title":"250 Adults","offer_id":296325681,"sku":"BFG- BLW","price":49.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"predatory-beetle-cryptolaemus-montrouzieri","title":"Mealybug destroyer Cryptolaemus montrouzieri beetle","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e are called as Mealybug destroyers because they voraciously feed on mealybugs and destroy their large populations.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eAdults of \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e look like ladybugs except that they are mostly brown in color with yellowish orange colored head and have no spots on their wings. Larva of this insect is small and their appendages are covered with white wooly material that makes them resembling to mealybugs. Females of \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e lay eggs near egg bags of mealybugs. Depending on the temperature, eggs hatch with 7-8 days. Immediately after hatching from eggs, larvae start feeding on the eggs and young larvae of mealybugs. While feeding larvae develop through 3 larval stages and fully developed larvae pupate in protected structures. Pupal stage lasts for 7-10 days and adults emerge from pupae and start feeding on mealybugs. While feeding on mealybugs, adults mate and females start laying eggs and life cycle continues. Adult of \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e generally live and keep destroying mealybugs for 3-4 months.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts\u003ca class=\"showAll\" title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cdl\u003e\r\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following species of mealybugs\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe citrus mealybug, \u003cem\u003ePlanococcus citri\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe comstock mealybug, \u003cem\u003ePseudococcus comstocki\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe obscure mealybug, \u003cem\u003ePseudococcus obscurus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe solenopsis mealybug, \u003cem\u003ePhenacoccus solenopsis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe Mexican mealybug, \u003cem\u003ePhenacoccus gossypii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe long-tailed mealybug, \u003cem\u003ePseudococcus longispinus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e can destroy mealybugs?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003eFemales of \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e beetle generally lay over 400 eggs among the cottony egg-bags of melaybugs. These eggs hatch into small larvae and immediately start feeding on the mealybug eggs, young nymphs\/larvae of mealybugs and honeydews produced by mealybugs. The larvae of \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e beetle also look like larvae of mealybugs but their body is covered with white colored material. Each larva of \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e beetle can consume over 250 eggs and young mealybugs. The matured larvae then pupate on plant stems. Pupal stage lasts for 7 to 10 days and the adults emerged from pupae can live for 3-4 months. Like larvae, after emerging from pupae, adults of \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e begin feeding on all the stages of melaybugs and destroy their large populations.\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e are released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e shipped as pre-fed, pre-mated, insectary-reared adults. Since the adult mealybug destroyer beetles can fly away from the container, open vials\/containers near mealybug infested areas and plants. At the time of releasing beetles, make sure that the windows and vents are closed so that beetles remain confined in the greenhouses or other closed areas. Release 2-3 adults on a mealybug infested leaf. These beetles perform better when temperature is between 64-91°F and a relative humidity above 70%.\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eGreenhouses: Release 2-3 adults per square foot area.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIn the open field: About 1000 adults per hectare.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e What care should be taken upon arrival of \u003cem\u003eCryptolaemus montrouzieri\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eRelease them within 24 hours of their arrival.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBefore releasing in the greenhouses, they can be stored in cool place at between 4 to 10°C temperature.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAvoid exposure to direct sunlight meaning store them in dark place.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are not harmful to children, pets and the environment.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm plants and like pesticides, there is no question of leaving any toxic chemical residue on the produce that is ready to eat.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production or application.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eTherefore, any produce including all vegetables are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with mealybugs destroyer.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ehttp:\/\/www.cabdirect.org\/abstracts\/19790560820.html\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ehttp:\/\/www.cabdirect.org\/abstracts\/19891131695.html\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory Beetle, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri","offers":[{"title":"100 Adults","offer_id":296327883,"sku":"BFG- BI- CR1\/ AO 1114702","price":127.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 Adults","offer_id":296329283,"sku":"BFG- BI CR250L\/AO 1114703","price":159.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 Adults- 4oz bottle","offer_id":53487773581585,"sku":"BFG- BI CR25\/AO 1114703","price":189.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 Adults","offer_id":296329639,"sku":"BFG- BI CR50\/AO1114704","price":256.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Adults","offer_id":12318807687210,"sku":"BFG- AO 1114705","price":399.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Adults","offer_id":39808176586794,"sku":"BFG- AO 1114710","price":975.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"green-lacewing-chrysoperla-rufilabris","title":"Green Lacewing, Chrysoperla rufilabris- Adults","description":"\u003cp\u003eGreen lacewings are scientifically known as \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla rufilabris\u003c\/em\u003e and considered as one of the most aggressive predators of aphids but it can also munch on other soft- bodied insects such as whitefly larvae, scale insects and mealy bugs. This beneficial insect is a nocturnal predator meaning it is active during night–time. As name implies, adult lacewings are green in color with two pairs of transparent wings, which are longer than their body. Green lacewing adults are tiny about 0.5 inch long insects with big eyes and very long and thin antennae. Green lacewing adults generally feed on nectar, pollen and honeydews but their larvae are predatory in nature. Mature larvae of green lacewing are about 0.5 inch long, brown in color and look like small alligators. The only larval stages of green lacewing are predatory in nature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWatch following video to learn all the facts about green lacewings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ciframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/MRihtYv-VGY\" height=\"315\" width=\"560\" allowfullscreen=\"\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" frameborder=\"0\"\u003e\u003c\/iframe\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca href=\"#\" class=\"showAll\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Predatory green lacewings \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla rufilabris\u003c\/em\u003e are effective against following insects and their stages\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs of different insect species\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImmature stages of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMealybugs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmall caterpillars\/larvae\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe green apple aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis pomi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe brown citrus aphis, \u003cem\u003eToxoptera citricida\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How Predatory Green Lacewing, \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla rufilabris\u003c\/em\u003e are applied\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen lacewings are commercially sold in three developmental stages including eggs, larvae and adults but only larval stages are predatory in nature.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs of green lacewings can be placed directly in your garden and it would be beneficial if their hatching is coincided with the outbreak of target pests including aphids and other soft bodied insects so that the hatched larvae would have enough food to munch on and survive.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor quick control of aphids, green lacewing larvae are directly released on the heavily infested plants with aphids or other soft bodied insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf adults are released, they will mate and females will lay eggs on aphid infested plants. These eggs hatch into larvae, which will start feeding on different stages of aphids and other host insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How Predatory Green Lacewing, \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla rufilabris\u003c\/em\u003e control insects pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen eggs of green lacewings are placed in your garden they will hatch into larvae that look like a small alligator.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen lacewing larvae are predatory in nature and generally called as “aphid lions” because they voraciously feed on aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGenerally for quick control of aphids, green lacewing larvae are directly released on the heavily infested plants with aphids or other soft bodied insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen adults are released, they will mate and females will lay eggs on aphid infested plants. These eggs hatch into larvae, which will start feeding on different stages of aphids and other host insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen lacewing larvae have curved jaws called mandibles that they use for catching and puncturing of their prey and then they suck body content of the punctured prey.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese predatory green lacewing larvae can destroy and eat over 200 aphids within a week.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe larval stage lasts 2-3 weeks and they performs as biological control agents at optimum temperature between 67-89°F (19-31.6°C) with a relative humidity of 30% or greater. However, these environmental conditions are not necessarily a prerequisite of their successful implementation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need Predatory Green Lacewing, \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla rufilabris\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on the soft bodied insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search, kill and eat their hosts including aphids, mealybugs, mites, immature stages of whiteflies and caterpillars\/larvae of different insect pests\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on aphids in your garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or gardens\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why Predatory Green Lacewing, \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla rufilabris\u003c\/em\u003e are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with beetles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChen, T. –Y. and Liu, T.-X. 2001. Relative consumption of three aphid species by the lacewing, \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla rufilabris\u003c\/em\u003e, and effects on its development and survival. BioControl 46: 481-491.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrasswitz, T.R. and Burts, E.C. 1995. Effect of native natural enemies and augmentative releases of \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla rufilabris\u003c\/em\u003e Burmeister and \u003cem\u003eAphidoletes aphidimyza\u003c\/em\u003e (Rondani) on the population dynamics of the green apple aphid, \u003cem\u003eAphis poMi\u003c\/em\u003e De Geer. International Journal of Pest Management 41: 176-183.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMichaud, J. P. 2001. Evaluation of green lacewings, \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla plorabunda \u003c\/em\u003e(Fitch) (Neurop., Chrysopidae), for augmentative release against \u003cem\u003eToxoptera citricida \u003c\/em\u003e(Hom., Aphididae) in citrus. Journal of Applied Entomology 125: 383–388.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStewart, C. D., Braman, S.K. and Pendley, A.F. 2002. Functional Response of the azalea plant bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) and a green lacewing \u003cem\u003eChrysoperla rufilabris\u003c\/em\u003e (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), two predators of the azalea lace bug (Heteroptera: Tingidae). Environmental Entomology 31:1184-1190.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory Green Lacewing","offers":[{"title":"100 Adults","offer_id":296342407,"sku":"BFG- LWA1\/ AO- 1110006","price":114.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 Adults","offer_id":296343175,"sku":"BFG- BI LWA2\/ AO- 1110004","price":151.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 Adults","offer_id":32284893610026,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1110007","price":231.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Adults","offer_id":296344487,"sku":"BFG- BI LWA3\/ AO- 1110019","price":253.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Green-Lacewing.jpg?v=1368335512"},{"product_id":"whitefly-predator-delphastus-cataliniae-for-whitefly-control","title":"Predatory beetle, Delphastus pusills for whitefly control","description":"\u003cp\u003eWhitefly predator, \u003cem\u003eDelphastus pusills \u003c\/em\u003e are tiny about 1.15 inch long lady bird beetles that belong to the family Coccinellidae. Both the larvae and adults are predatory in nature. Adults of these beetles can fly from plant to plant but larvae move slowly on the leaves. These predatory beetles are hemispherical in size and dark brown to black in color. Adult females generally lay very small eggs (about 0.2 mm) among whitefly eggs. Each female lays about 2-5 eggs per day and a total about 300 eggs during its lifetime. These eggs hatch into small pale-yellow to cream colored larvae which are very aggressive predators that are known to consume a large number of eggs and immature stages of whiteflies. These predatory bugs perform better against whiteflies at an optimum temperature range between 60-90°F (16-35°C) and a relative humidity above 75%.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cdl\u003e\r\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Whitefly predator \u003cem\u003eDelphastus pusills \u003c\/em\u003e effective against the following species of whiteflies \u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAzalea whitefly, \u003cem\u003ePealius\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBanded-winged whitefly, \u003cem\u003eTrialeurodes\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCalifornia giant whitefly, \u003cem\u003eAleurodicus dugesii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCloudywinged citrus whitefly, \u003cem\u003eDialeurodes\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCloudywinged rhododendron whitefly, \u003cem\u003eDialeurodes\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eGreenhouse whitefly, \u003cem\u003eTrialeurodes vaporariorum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eHibiscus whitefly, \u003cem\u003ePealius\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eJapanese bayberry whitefly, \u003cem\u003eParabemisia myricae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eSilverleaf whitefly, \u003cem\u003eBemisia argentifolii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eSweet potato whitefly, \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eTobacco whitefly, \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWoolly whitefly, \u003cem\u003eAleurothrixus floccosus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Whitefly predator \u003cem\u003eDelphastus pusills \u003c\/em\u003e effective against the following other insect pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eEggs of different insects\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eSpider mites\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eYoung aphids\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eDelphastus pusills\u003c\/em\u003e kill and feed on the whiteflies \u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eDelphastus pusills\u003c\/em\u003e are known to feed voraciously on the eggs and immature stages of whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAfter releasing in the greenhouses or fields, adults of predatory \u003cem\u003eDelphastus pusills\u003c\/em\u003e starts munching on the eggs and immature stages of whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAlso, each female start laying about 2-5 eggs per day.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThese eggs hatch into small pale-yellow to cream colored larvae which are very aggressive predators that are known to consume a large number of eggs and immature stages of whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding on whiteflies for 1-2 weeks, \u003cem\u003eDelphastus pusills\u003c\/em\u003e larvae mature and pupate underside of the leaves.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAfter 1 week, adults of \u003cem\u003eDelphastus pusills\u003c\/em\u003e emerge from pupae and also start feeding on both the eggs and immature stages of whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAdults can eat over 9000-10,000 eggs of whiteflies during their lifetime.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these predatory beetles can recycle continuously (do not need to apply again and again) and help to keep the whitefly population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on whiteflies responsible for the damage\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can munch on different stages including eggs and larvae of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their hosts and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on the foliage after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why predatory \u003cem\u003eDelphastus pusills\u003c\/em\u003e are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with mites\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eSimmons, A.M. and Legaspi, J.C. 2004. Survival and Predation of \u003cem\u003eDelphastus cataliniae\u003c\/em\u003e (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Predator of Whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), After exposure to a range of constant temperatures. Environmental Entomology 33: 839-843.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eSimmons, A.M., Legaspi, J.C. and Legaspi, Jr., B.C. 2012. Adult survival of \u003cem\u003eDelphastus cataliniae\u003c\/em\u003e (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a predator of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), on diets of whiteflies, honeydew, and honey. Environmental Entomology 41:669-675.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Delphastus pusills A Predator of whiteflies","offers":[{"title":"100 Adults","offer_id":296349609,"sku":"BFG- BI- DPUS1","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Adults","offer_id":296346937,"sku":"BFG- BI- DPUS1K","price":359.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 Adults in 2 vials (100 adults\/vial)","offer_id":32351123079210,"sku":"BFG- BB- 000105","price":144.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Whiteflies_infestation.jpg?v=1376592801"},{"product_id":"mini-wasp-diglyphus-isaea-for-leafminor-control","title":"Parasitic wasp Diglyphus isaea for leafminer control","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe larvae of some Lepidopteran (moths), Coleopteran (beetles), Hymenopteran (sawflies) and Dipteran (flies) insects generally feed within a leaves by producing large blotches or meandering tunnels that are called mines. Because of this mining and feeding behavior of these insects are called leafminers. These leafminers can cause a significant health and aesthetic damage to many plant species.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough there are several kinds of natural enemies that can keep the populations of leafminers under control, it has been proved that the release of the warm weather wasp parasitoids, \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e as biological control agent have a potential to control different species of leafminers that cause a serious damage to many crops including beans, celery, cucumbers, eggplants, lettuce, onions, pepper, potatoes squashes, tomatoes and watermelons whether they are grown in the greenhouses, fields, orchards or gardens.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eParasitic \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e are called mini wasps because they are very small about 1.5-3 mm long. These mini wasps are black in color with a yellow stripe on their hind legs and possess short segmented antennae. The females are slightly bigger than males and like other species; these wasps also grow through four developmental stages such as eggs, larvae, pupae and adults. Wasp larvae start feeding on the leafminer larvae immediately after hatching from eggs and develop thorough 3 larval stages (instars). Eventually the mature wasp larva pupates in the mines on the upper surface of the leaf. After 6-9 days of pupation, adult wasp emerges from pupa and lifecycle continues. Under optimal conditions i.e. temperatures between 75-90°F and about 80% relative humidity, egg to egg life cycle of mini wasp \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e is completed within 2 weeks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003eEffective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChrysanthemum\/Serpentine leafminer,\u003cem\u003eLiriomyza trifolii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePea leafminer, \u003cem\u003eLiriomyza huidobrensis \u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe tomato leafminer, \u003cem\u003eLiriomyza bryoniae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCommon ornamental and Vegetable crop leafminer, \u003cem\u003eLiriomyza sativae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How Parasitic \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e kill leafminers? \u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e are shipped as adults that are ready for fast oviposition or egg-laying.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFemales of mini wasps use their antennae to locate second or third stage larvae of leafminers in the mines.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter locating leafminer larvae, \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e wasp females use their ovipositors to puncture and inject paralyzing toxins in the body of leafminer larvae.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnlike other parasitic wasps, the females of this mini wasp lay 1-5 oval shaped eggs next to (not inside) the body of paralyzed larva.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach female wasp generally lay about 50 eggs during its life span of 2 weeks and temperature is above 20°C (68°F).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImmediately after hatching from eggs the larvae of mini wasps start feeding externally on the larvae of leafminers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBecause of this external feeding habit, \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e wasp larvae are considered as ectoparasitic wasps.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFemales of \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e wasp are also parasitic in nature and known to kill and feed on several leafminer larvae during their life-span.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGenerally rate of \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e wasps will depend on the size of leafminer infested areas to be treated.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlso, mini wasp released during summer will have better impact on the control of leafminer insects than those released early in the spring or late in the fall.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive control of leafminers, release 1- 2 wasps per 9.0 square foot area at every three week interval as needed.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative strategy, release bi-weekly about 2-4 mini wasps per 9.0 square foot area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on leafminers responsible for the damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can munch on different stages including larvae of leafminers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their hosts and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why predatory \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoot, W.J., Minkenberg, O. P. J. M., Rabbinge, R., De Moed, G. H. 1992. Biological control of the leafminer \u003cem\u003e Liriomyza bryoniae\u003c\/em\u003e by seasonal inoculative releases of \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e: simulation of a parasitoid-host system. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology. 98: 203-212.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHaghani, M., Fathipour, Y., Talebi, A.A. and Baniameri, V. 2007. Temperature-dependent development of \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera : Eulophidae) on \u003cem\u003e Liriomyza sativae\u003c\/em\u003e (Diptera : Agromyzidae) on cucumber. Journal of Pest Science 80: 71-77.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMusundire, R., Chabi-Olaye, A., Salifu, D. and Kruger, K. 2012. Host Plant-Related Parasitism and Host Feeding Activities of \u003cem\u003eDiglyphus isaea\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) on Liriomyza huidobrensis, \u003cem\u003e Liriomyza sativae \u003c\/em\u003e , and \u003cem\u003e Liriomyza trifolii\u003c\/em\u003e (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 105: 161-168.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Mini Wasp Diglyphus isaea for leafminor Control","offers":[{"title":"250 Adults","offer_id":296351855,"sku":"BFG- BI- DI25\/ AO 1112901","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 Adults","offer_id":39913969188906,"sku":"BFG- AO 1112904","price":209.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Adults","offer_id":39913970761770,"sku":"BFG- AO 1112903","price":349.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Leaf_miner_infested_leaf.jpg?v=1400791195"},{"product_id":"wsteren-predatory-mite-galendromus-occidentalis","title":"Western Predatory Mite, Galendromus occidentalis for spider mite control","description":"\u003cp\u003eWestern predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e is considered as an excellent biological control agent the control of spider mites the most damaging pest of many greenhouse or field growing economically important crops including corn, cotton, many fruit trees,grapevines, ornamental plants and strawberries\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts\u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Western predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e is effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApple rust mites, \u003cem\u003eAculus schlechtendali\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean red mites, \u003cem\u003ePanonychus ulmi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcDaniel spider mites,\u003cem\u003eTetranychus mcdanieli\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePacific spider mite,\u003cem\u003eTetranychus pacificus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePear leaf blister mites, \u003cem\u003eEriophyes \u003c\/em\u003e(=\u003cem\u003ePhytoptus\u003c\/em\u003e)\u003cem\u003epyri\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePear rust mites, \u003cem\u003eEpitrimerus pyri\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrunus rust mites, \u003cem\u003eAculus \u003c\/em\u003e(\u003cem\u003ePhyllocoptes\u003c\/em\u003e)\u003cem\u003efockeui \u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwospotted spider mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for Western predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e are natural predators of different species of pest mites (see above).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e are considered as the warm adapted predatory mites because the optimum temperature required for their normal reproduction and development is between 27°C (80.6°F) and 29°C (84.2°F).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBecause of their warm adaptation capacity, these predatory mites are considered as the ideal biological control agents for controlling pest mites in the US greenhouses where temperatures often exceed 25°C; during summer.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese mites become sluggish under cooler temperatures but they can become active again when temperature rises.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese mites do not survive under really cold and frosty conditions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn addition, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e undergo diapause (hibernation) under low temperatures and less than 11 hours of daylight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How Western predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003cem\u003eWestern predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e are known to feed voraciously on their different kinds pest mites (see above). \u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter application in the greenhouses or fields, Western predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e starts munching on their hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach adult mite can consume about 2-3 pest mites and about 6-7 eggs of pest mites per day.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding, mites develop and reproduce rapidly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these mite can recycle continuously (do not need to apply again and again) and help to keep the pest population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How many western predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e you need to release\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease 2-3 predatory mites per leaf of pest infested plant\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease about 2 predatory mites per square feet area in the greenhouses or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need western predatory mites, \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on mite pests responsible for the damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can munch on egg, immature and adults pest mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their hosts and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on the foliage after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why predatory mites are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eColfer, R.G., Rosenheim, J.A., Godfrey, L.D. and Hsu, C.L. 2003. Interactions between the augmentatively released predaceous mite \u003cem\u003eGalendromus occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and naturally occurring generalist predators. Environmental Entomology 32:840-852.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCroft, B.A. and Luh, H.K. 2004. Phytoseiid mites on unsprayed apple trees in Oregon, and other western states (USA): distributions, life-style types and relevance to commercial orchards. Experimental and Applied Acarology 33:281-326.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory mite","offers":[{"title":"1000 Mites","offer_id":39811827564586,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151202","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2000 Mites","offer_id":53122510848273,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151222","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Mites","offer_id":53134380564753,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151218","price":164.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 mites","offer_id":332576259,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151220","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites","offer_id":53122523136273,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151225","price":339.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50,000 Mites","offer_id":1169082988,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151221","price":799.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Spider_Mite_infestation.jpg?v=1376592279"},{"product_id":"whitefly-parasitie-encarsia-formosa","title":"Parasitiic wasp, Encarsia formosa for whitefly control","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e are very small about 0.5 to 1 mm long endoparasitic wasps. These endoparasitic wasps have brownish to black colored thorax and yellowish abdomen. \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are considered as endoparasites because their all the stages (eggs, larvae and pupae) except adults complete their development inside the bodies of nymph or pupae of whiteflies. Only adult wasps live outside of their hosts. These endoparasitic \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are known to parasitize and kill both the larvae and pupae of various species of whiteflies (see below).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Greenhouse whitefly, \u003ci\u003eTrialeurods vaporariorum\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe silver leaf whitefly, \u003ci\u003eBemicia argentifolii\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe sweet potato whitefly, \u003ci\u003eBemicia tabaci\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and larvae of \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e can feed on the whitefly nymphs and pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGenerally adult wasps punctures the body of whitefly nymphs or pupae with their ovipositor and then feed on the oozing blood (hemolymph) or the body content of the nymphs or pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn contrast, after hatching from eggs, the wasp larvae generally feed internally on the body content of whitefly nymphs or pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThus, both adults and larvae of \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e eventually kill their host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDepending upon the species of whiteflies, the parasitized dead nymphs or pupae can turn light brown to dark brown or black in color within 7 to 10 days after parasitization.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How parasitic \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e wasps work in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese wasps are generally sold as parasitized pupae that can be easily released in the field for the control of whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e wasps released either in the fields or greenhouses, their females generally lay over 50 eggs inside the bodies of whitefly nymph or pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eggs hatch into tiny larvae that immediately start feeding on the body content of whitefly nymph or pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding, wasp larvae develop through three larval stages.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe matured larvae then form pupae and kill the whitefly nymphs and pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis killing of both nymphs and pupae by \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e wasps prevents outbreak of future generations of whiteflies that in turn can reduce the economic damage caused by whitefly infestations to different crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of whitefly are parasitized by parasitic wasp \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThird and fourth stages of whitefly nymphs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePre-pupae and Pupae of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are commercially available as parasitized pupae of whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor the effective control of whiteflies, it is recommended to release 10-15 \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e parasitized pupae per 10 square meter whitefly infested area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn heavily whitefly infested area wasps should be released 3-4 times weekly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released for the effective control of whiteflies?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParasitic \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released when there is a presence of whiteflies on the plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease them early in the morning or evening when day light level and temperature low.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released for effective control of whiteflies?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e are supplied as pupae protected in the greenhouse whitefly pupae which are generally used as a host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease these wasps within 18 hours of receipt but if you are not ready to release them then store them in the cool place at 45-50°F (7-10°C).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese parasitized pupae are adhered to a small card which can be hung in the plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the whitefly crop damage by parasitizing and feeding on the nymphs and pupae of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host, the different species of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBerndt, O. and Meyhofer, R. 2008. Whitefly control in cut gerbera: is it possible to control \u003cem\u003eTrialeurodes vaporariorum\u003c\/em\u003e with \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e? Biocontrol 53: 751-762.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003evan Lenteren, J.C., van Roermund, H.J.W. and Sütterlin, S. 1996. Biological control of greenhouse whitefly (\u003cem\u003eTrialeurodes vaporariorum\u003c\/em\u003e) with the parasitoid \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e:How does it work? Biological Control 6: 1–10.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Whitefly Parasitie","offers":[{"title":"1000 Pupae\/card","offer_id":16919660868,"sku":"BFG- AO 1132001","price":45.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3,000 Pupae","offer_id":353722447,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1132002","price":64.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5,000 Pupae on 100 cards- 50 pupae\/card","offer_id":620799525,"sku":"BFG- EF5","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5,000 Pupae loose\/bottle","offer_id":12481997865002,"sku":"BFG- AO 1132003","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 Pupae on 100 cards (100 pupae\/card)","offer_id":353724383,"sku":"BFG- BB - 000121\/ BI- EH10","price":129.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"7,500 Pupae on 150 cards (50 pupae\/card)","offer_id":12482063269930,"sku":"BFG-BI EF75","price":117.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"15,000 Pupae on 150 cards-100 pupae\/card","offer_id":1165028864,"sku":"BFG- BI EH15","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Pupae on 50 cards - 100 pupae\/ card","offer_id":620798217,"sku":"BFG- BI EH5","price":105.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"parasite-of-whitefly-eretmocerus-eremicus","title":"Parasitic wasp, Eretmocerus eremicus for Whitefly Control","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e are tiny (1 mm long) parasitic wasps that are mainly parasitic to whiteflies. These wasps are generally sold as parasitized pupae that can be easily released in the field for the control of whiteflies\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cdl\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe banded winged whitefly, \u003ci\u003eTrialeurodes abuttnea\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe Greenhouse whitefly, \u003ci\u003eTrialeurods vaporarium\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe silver leaf whitefly, \u003ci\u003eBemicia argentifolii\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe sweet potato whitefly, \u003ci\u003eBemicia tabaci\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e are tiny parasitic wasps measuring about 1 mm in length and mainly parasitic to whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eFemale parasitic wasps are yellowish in color with clubbed antennae whereas males are yellowish brown in color with elbowed antennae.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs parasitic \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are warm adapted species, they work better against whiteflies when temperature is between 25 and 30°C.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThese wasps are generally sold as parasitized pupae that can be easily released in the field for the control of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How parasitic \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e wasps work in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen parasitic \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps released either in the fields or greenhouses, their females lay eggs underneath the immature stages (nymphs) of whiteflies that is in between the leaf surface and the nymphs.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eDepending on the temperature, hatching of eggs takes place within 4 days.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThese hatched larvae generally develop both as external and internal parasites.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs an external parasite, these young wasp larvae generally attach to the underside the nymph’s body with the hook-like mouth parts. Then they enter into nymph’s body by chewing a small hole and become as an internal parasite.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eOnce inside the whitefly nymph, these wasp larvae become and remain dormant until whitefly nymphs form pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eOnce pupae are formed, wasp larvae then become active and begin releasing digestive enzymes that helps to liquefy body content of whitefly pupa.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThen the wasp larvae start feeding on the liquefied body content and eventually kill the pupae of whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding inside the whitefly pupa, wasp larvae develop through three developmental stages (instars) for 12-15 days and emerge as adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThese emerged adult wasps mate and females start laying eggs as stated above and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of whitefly are parasitized by parasitic wasp \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eSecond stage whitefly larvae\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ePupae of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are commercially available as parasitized whitefly pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIt is recommended to release three \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e parasitized whitefly pupae per plant infested with whiteflies every week for 4 weeks.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released for the effective control of whiteflies?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eParasitic \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released when there is a presence of whiteflies on the plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eRelease them early in the morning or evening when day light level and temperature low.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs parasitic \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are warm adapted species, they work better against whiteflies when temperature is between 25 and 30°C.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released for effective control of whiteflies?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eRelease these wasps within 18 hours of receipt but if you are not ready to release them then store them at cool place (at 45-50°F).\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you receive product in bottles, make sure that the pupae are evenly distributed in the carrier material.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIn order to do this, lay bottle on its side and rotate it so that material will be mixed evenly.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eOpen the bottle in whitefly infested area and sprinkle the carrier material and wasp pupae onto the leaves, on the surface of growing media or in the pots.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIf you receive product in the blisters, open the blisters and hang on the leaf petiole or branches in a shaded area where wasps will emerge from these blisters and look for appropriate place to lay eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on pupae of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can parasitize young larvae whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host nymphs (larvae), parasitize them and feed on their pupae\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBellamy, D.E., Asplen, M.K. and Byrne, D.N. 2004. Impact of \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae) on open-field \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e (Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae) populations. Biological Control 29: 227-234.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eHoddle, M.S., Sanderson, J.P. and Van Driesche, R.G. 1999. Biological control of \u003cem\u003eBemisia argentifolii\u003c\/em\u003e (Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae) on poinsettia with inundative releases of \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae): does varying the weekly release rate affect control? Bulletin of Entomological Research 89: 41-51.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eHoelmer, K.A. 2007. Field cage evaluation of introduced \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus\u003c\/em\u003e species (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae) against \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e strain B (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) on cantaloupe. Biological Control 43: 156-162.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Whitefly Parasitie","offers":[{"title":"5,000 Pupae- 50 cards (100 pupae\/card)","offer_id":12497001480234,"sku":"BFG- BI EE5","price":117.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 pupae- 100 cards (100 pupae\/card)","offer_id":616014589,"sku":"BFG- BI EE10 \/ BB 000170","price":158.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"15,000 pupae- 150 cards (100 pupae\/card)","offer_id":12497086218282,"sku":"BFG- BI- EE15","price":229.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 pupae loose\/bottle","offer_id":14507940446250,"sku":"BFG- BI EE1L","price":158.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3,000 Pupae - 30 cards (100 pupae\/card)","offer_id":353725581,"sku":"BFG- BI EE3","price":61.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5,000 Pupae loose\/bottle","offer_id":12502817898538,"sku":"BFG- BB 000166","price":101.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5,000 Pupae in 20 Blister PK (250 pupae\/blister)","offer_id":39914320396330,"sku":"BFG- AO 1000703","price":159.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"mixture-of-two-whitefly-parasites-encarsia-eretmocerus","title":"Two parasites, Eretmocerus eremicus and Encarsia formosa (50%:50% mix) for whitefly control","description":"\u003cp\u003eBoth \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e are tiny parasitic wasps that are mainly parasitic to whiteflies. These wasps are generally sold as parasitized pupae that can be easily released in the field for the control of whiteflies. \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e act as both external and internal parasite whereas \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e act as only internal parasite.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following whitefly species\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe banded winged whitefly, \u003ci\u003eTrialeurodes abuttnea\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Greenhouse whitefly, \u003ci\u003eTrialeurods vaporarium\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe silver leaf whitefly, \u003ci\u003eBemicia argentifolii\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe sweet potato whitefly, \u003ci\u003eBemicia tabaci\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e wasps are mainly parasitic to whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are yellowish and brownish in color whereas \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e are black in color.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e wasps are generally sold as parasitized pupae that can be easily released in the field for the control of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How parasitic \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e wasps work in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen parasitic \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps released either in the fields or greenhouses, their females lay eggs underneath the immature stages (nymphs) of whiteflies that is in between the leaf surface and the nymphs whereas females of \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e lay eggs inside the nymphs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDepending on the temperature, hatching of eggs of both wasps takes place within 4 days.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe larvae of \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e develop as both external and internal parasite whereas larvae of \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e develop as only internal parasite.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs an external parasite, these young wasp larvae of \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e generally attach to the underside the nymph’s body with the hook-like mouth parts. Then they enter into nymph’s body by chewing a small hole and become as an internal parasite. In contrast, the eggs of \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e hatch into larvae only inside the whitefly nymph.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce inside the whitefly nymph, \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e wasp larvae become and remain dormant until whitefly nymphs form pupae but larvae of \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e continue feeding until whitefly nymph or pupae dies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce pupae are formed, \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e wasp larvae then become active and begin releasing digestive enzymes that helps to liquefy body content of whitefly pupa.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThen the \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e wasp larvae start feeding on the liquefied body content and eventually kill the pupae of whiteflies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding inside the whitefly pupae or nymphs, larvae of both \u003ci\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e develop through three developmental stages (instars) for 12-15 days and emerge as adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese emerged adult wasps mate and females start laying eggs as stated above and life cycle continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of whitefly are parasitized by parasitic wasps \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ewhitefly nymphs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePupae of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e or \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e wasps should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e wasps are commercially available as mixed parasitized whitefly pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is recommended to release three \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e parasitized whitefly pupae per plant infested with whiteflies every week for 4 weeks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is recommended to release 10-15 \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e parasitized whitefly pupae per 10 sq m garden area infested with whiteflies 3-4 times weekly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released for the effective control of whiteflies?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth the parasitic wasps should be released when there is a presence of whiteflies on the plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease them early in the morning or evening when day light level and temperature low.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease these wasps against whiteflies when temperature is between 25 and 30°C.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003ci\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/i\u003e wasps should be released for effective control of whiteflies?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease these wasps within 18 hours of receipt but if you are not ready to release them then store them at cool place (at 45-50°F).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you receive product in bottles, make sure that the pupae are evenly distributed in the carrier material.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn order to do this, lay bottle on its side and rotate it so that material will be mixed evenly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOpen the bottle in whitefly infested area and sprinkle the carrier material and wasp pupae onto the leaves, on the surface of growing media or in the pots.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you receive product in the blisters, open the blisters and hang on the leaf petiole or branches in a shaded area where wasps will emerge from these blisters and look for appropriate place to lay eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on pupae of whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can parasitize young larvae whiteflies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host nymphs (larvae), parasitize them and feed on their pupae\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBellamy, D.E., Asplen, M.K. and Byrne, D.N. 2004. Impact of \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae) on open-field \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e (Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae) populations. Biological Control 29: 227-234.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBerndt, O. and Meyhofer, R. 2008. Whitefly control in cut gerbera: is it possible to control \u003cem\u003eTrialeurodes vaporariorum\u003c\/em\u003e with \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e? Biocontrol 53: 751-762.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHoddle, M.S., Sanderson, J.P. and Van Driesche, R.G. 1999. Biological control of \u003cem\u003eBemisia argentifolii\u003c\/em\u003e (Hemiptera : Aleyrodidae) on poinsettia with inundative releases of \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus eremicus\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae): does varying the weekly release rate affect control? Bulletin of Entomological Research 89: 41-51.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHoelmer, K.A. 2007. Field cage evaluation of introduced \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus\u003c\/em\u003e species (Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae) against \u003cem\u003eBemisia tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e strain B (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae) on cantaloupe. Biological Control 43: 156-162.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003evan Lenteren, J.C., van Roermund, H.J.W. and Sütterlin, S. 1996. Biological control of greenhouse whitefly (\u003cem\u003eTrialeurodes vaporariorum\u003c\/em\u003e) with the parasitoid \u003cem\u003eEncarsia formosa\u003c\/em\u003e:How does it work? Biological Control 6: 1–10.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Whitefly Parasitie","offers":[{"title":"5000 Pupae- 50 cards (100 pupae\/card)","offer_id":615974717,"sku":"BFG- BI EM5","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 Pupae- 100 cards (100 pupae\/card)","offer_id":615966433,"sku":"BFG- BI- EM10","price":169.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"15,000 pupae- 150 cards (100 pupae\/card)","offer_id":12504216764458,"sku":"BFG- BI EM15","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20,000 Pupae- 100 cards (100 pupae\/card, 30%:70% mix) in 2 PKS","offer_id":615981105,"sku":"BFG- BB- 111691","price":216.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5000 Pupae- 100 cards- 50 pupae\/card","offer_id":615972273,"sku":"BFG- BB- 111695","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10,000 Pupae loose\/bottle","offer_id":12504017698858,"sku":"BFG- BB- 000130","price":136.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"3,000 Pupae- 30 cards (100 pupae\/card)","offer_id":12504245501994,"sku":"BFG- BI EM3","price":61.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"predatory-gall-midge-feltiella-acarisuga","title":"Predatory gall Midge, Feltiella acarisuga for mite control","description":"\u003cp\u003eAdult gall midge flies, \u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e are small about 1.5 to 2 mm long pinkish brown colored, short-lived flies. Adult gall midge flies generally do not feed on mites but all of their larval stages are predatory in nature and feed on all the stages of pest mites. Females lay about 30 to 40 shiny eggs in the colony of pest mites. Depending upon optimum temperature and relative humidity, eggs hatch into small larvae in a couple of days after deposition. The hatched larvae are brown in color. Immediately after hatching from eggs, larvae start feeding on the immature stages and eggs of pest mites especially two spotted spider mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e. Spider mites are serious pests of many greenhouse and field crops. While feeding, larvae of midge fly develop through four developmental stages\/instars. The matured 4th instar larvae generally pupate in silken cocoons on underside of the leaves and emerge as adults after 7-10 days of pupation and life cycle continues.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo spotted spider mite, \u003ci\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrown almond mite, \u003ci\u003eBryobia rubrioculus\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarmine spider mite, \u003ci\u003eTetranychus cinnabarinus\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean red mite, \u003ci\u003ePanonychus ulmi\u003c\/i\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003ci\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/i\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdult midge flies can actively search for pest mite colonies to lay eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e larvae can feed voraciously on all the stages of spider mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNewly hatched young larvae can find its victims quickly and feed on them.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSingle \u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e larva can eat more than 15 adults, 50 eggs, 25 nymphal stages of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis predatory insect is very easy to release in the greenhouses.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese predatory flies perform better against pets mites when optimum temperature is between 68°F(20°C) and 86°F (27°C) and relative humidity is between 70 and 90%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How predatory \u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e gall midge works in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMidge flies (\u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e) are supplied as pupae on leaves in a container.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen pupae or adults that are already emerged from pupae during transit are released in the greenhouses, adults emerging from these pupae will fly away from the containers and actively start searching host mite colonies to lay eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce pest mite colonies are found gall midge fly females lay eggs in the or near the mite colonies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDepending upon temperature, these eggs hatch into tiny larvae within a week.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImmediately after hatching from eggs, tiny larvae start feeding on all the developing stages (eggs, nymphs and adults) of pest mites including two-spotted spider mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs gall midge fly larvae are voracious feeders, they can suppress over 40% population of pest mites (Sharaf 1984) in a very short period of time.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of pest mites are killed by predatory gall midge\u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs of mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNymphs of mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdult mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e predatory gall midge flies should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo build up population of gall midge flies in the targeted areas, release about 2-3 flies per 50 square foot area (4.65 square meter area) every week for 4 weeks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo achieve better control of mites in a large area, release 200- 800 gall midge flies per hectare (2.5 acres) weekly for 4-5 weeks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When and how \u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e predatory gall midge flies should be released for the effective control of mites?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults of gall midge fly should be released when there is a heavy infestation of mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese flies are supplied in a containers as pupae on the leaves. During transit adults can emerges from pupae.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen package is arrived and if you are ready to release midge flies, make sure the lids of containers are perforated to allow gall midge fly adults to escape.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is recommended to release gall midge flies immediately upon their arrival by placing the perforated containers at different places in the greenhouses or gardens.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you are not ready to release these predatory flies, store them in a dark place at cooler temperatures at 10-15°C or 50-59°F for only a couple of days.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on the eggs nymphs and adults of pest mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host, the different species of mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with predatory gall midge fly\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGillespie, D.R., Opit, G. and Roitberg, B. 2000. Effects of temperature and relative humidity on development, reproduction, and predation in \u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e (Vallot) (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae). Biological Control 17: 132-138.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMo, T.L. and Liu, T.X. 2006. Biology, life table and predation of \u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae) feeding on \u003cem\u003eTetranychus cinnabarinus\u003c\/em\u003e eggs (Acari : Tetranychidae). Biological Control 39: 418-426.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSharaf NS. 1984. Studies on natural enemies of tetranychid mites infesting eggplant in the Jordan Valley. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie. 98:527-533.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXiao, Y.F., Osborne, L.S., Chen, J.J. and McKenzie, C.L. 2013. Functional responses and prey-stage preferences of a predatory gall midge and two predacious mites with twospotted spider mites, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e, as host. Journal of Insect Science 13: article number 8.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eXiao, Y.F., Osborne, L.S., Chen, J.J., Mckenzie, C., Houben, K. and Irizarry, F. 2011. Evaluation of corn plant as potential banker plant for supporting predatory gall midge, \u003cem\u003eFeltiella acarisuga\u003c\/em\u003e (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) against \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Tetranychidae) in greenhouse vegetable production. Crop Protection 30: 1635-1642.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory gall Midge, Feltiella acarisuga","offers":[{"title":"250 Pupae","offer_id":353729785,"sku":"BFG- BI FA25\/AO 1155701","price":159.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 Pupae in 2 trays (250 pupae\/tray)","offer_id":1165161620,"sku":"BFG- BI-FA25\/AO 1155701","price":244.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"predator-of-scale-lindorus-lophanthae","title":"Lady beetle, Lindorus lophanthae for scale insect control","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory \u003cem\u003eLindorus (\u003cem\u003eRhyzobius\u003c\/em\u003e) lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e are commonly known as singular black lady beetles or scale destroyer beetles and they belong to order Coleoptera. These predatory lady beetles (\u003cem\u003eLindorus lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e) are small about 2-3 mm long with blackish fuzzy body and orange colored thorax. Females of black lady beetle generally lay several hundred eggs under the body of scale insects. Eggs hatch into grey colored larvae that develop through four developmental stages within 3 weeks and become adults. Matured larvae are about 3 mm long. The optimum temperature for their reproduction and development is is between 68- 86°F(20- 30°C) and relative humidity over 60%. Both larvae and adults are predatory in nature and feed on scale insects that are the most important pest of many shrubs and trees.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack scale, \u003cem\u003eSaissetia oleae\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eSaissetia coffeae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCalifornia red scale, \u003cem\u003eAonidiella aurantii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitrus black parlatoria scale, \u003cem\u003eParlatoria ziziphi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs of various insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMealybugs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOleander scale, \u003cem\u003eAspidiotus nerii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOriental red scale, \u003cem\u003eAonidiella orientalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePurple Scale, \u003cem\u003eLepidosaphes beckii\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003cem\u003eLindorus lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese black lady beetles are very active in searching their hosts such as scale insects and mealybugs even at as low as 41°F (5°C)temperature.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe activity of black lady beetles is enhanced when temperature is between 68- 86°F (20- 30°C).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThey are known to eat both armoured and soft scales.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince females of this black lady beetles lay eggs underneath scale insects, after hatching from eggs their larvae can eat scale eggs and their crawlers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs female black lady beetles lay a large number of eggs, they will have a large number of larvae to combat a very high population of scale insects or mealybugs in the gardens or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How predatory \u003cem\u003eLindorus lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e works in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese black lady beetles are supplied as pre-fed and pre-mated adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen released in the scale infested gardens or field, the pre-mated females start laying several hundred eggs under the body scale insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs hatch into small larvae that start feeding on eggs and crawlers of scale insects and develop through four developmental stages within 3 weeks and become adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese adults then start feeding on the eggs, crawlers, and adults of scale insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding on their hosts, these black lady beetle adults mate and females start laying eggs that hatch into small larvae and thus they will recycle themselves after first application.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese black lady beetles, \u003cem\u003eLindorus lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e perform better against scale insects when temperature is above 41°F (5°C).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of scale insects are killed by \u003cem\u003eLindorus lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCrawlers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003eLindorus lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e predatory black lady beetles should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease 1 adult of predatory \u003cem\u003eLindorus lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e beetle\/ sqft area\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When and how \u003cem\u003eLindorus lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e predatory black lady beetles should be released for the effective control of scale insects?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIt is better to release these black lady beetles in the evening of the day of their arrival.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you are not ready to release, store them not more than 12 hours at cool temperature in a dark place.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you are ready to release these beetles, open the containers or bottles while walking in the crop and tap out these lady beetles evenly on the plants that are infested with scale insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on the eggs crawlers and adults of scale insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host, the different species of scale insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with predatory predatory black lady beetles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSmith, T.R. and Cave, R.D. 2006. Pesticide susceptibility of \u003cem\u003eCybocephalus nipponicus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eRhyzobius lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e (Coleoptera: Cybocephalidae, Coccinellidae). Florida Entomologist 89:502-507.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStathas, G. J. 2000. \u003cem\u003eRhyzobius lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e prey consumption and fecundity. Phytoparasitica 28: 203-211.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStathas, G. J. 2000. The effect of temperature on the development of predator \u003cem\u003eRhyzobius lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e Blaisdell (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and its phenology in Greece. BioControl 45:439–451.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStathas, G. J. 2001. Studies on morphology and biology of immature stages of the Predator \u003cem\u003eRhyzobius lophanthae\u003c\/em\u003e Blaisdell (Col.: Coccinellidae). Journal of Pest Science 74:113–116.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predator of scale, Lindorus lophanthae","offers":[{"title":"Lindorus lophanthae - 100 adults","offer_id":353734277,"sku":"BFG- AO 1121501","price":124.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Lindorus lophanthae - 250 adults","offer_id":1166722160,"sku":"BFG- AO 1121502","price":219.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Lindorus lophanthae - 50 adults","offer_id":353733615,"sku":"BFG- BI LL5","price":67.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"predatory-mite-neoseiulus-californicus","title":"Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus (Amblyseius) californicus for mite control","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory Mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e is a very effective in controlling different species of pests mites especially twospotted spider mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown both in the greenhouses and fields. Adults of predatory Mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e are clear-white in color whereas their larvae are translucent in color. Females of \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e generally lay 40-45 oval shaped eggs among the colonies of pest mites. These eggs hatch into tiny larvae with six legs. These larvae develop through two developmental stages that termed as protonymphal and deutonymphal stages. Both these immature nymphal stages resemble to their parents. The males of predatory Mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e are smaller than the females.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cdl\u003e\r\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Effective against the following pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eApple rust mite, \u003cem\u003eAculus schlechtendali\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAvocado mite, \u003cem\u003eOligonychus perseae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBroad mites, \u003cem\u003ePolyphagotarsonemus latus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCyclamen Mite, \u003cem\u003ePhytonemus pallidus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean red mite, \u003cem\u003ePanonychus ulmi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThe southern red mite, \u003cem\u003eOligonychus ilicis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eTomato russet mite, \u003cem\u003eAculops lycopersici\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eTwospotted spider mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for Predatory Mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e are natural predators of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adult and nymphs of this predatory mite feed voraciously on all the stages of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eFemales of this predatory mite feed on over 5 eggs of pest mites per day.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e are very effective against pest mites and they can complete several generations when the temperature is above 16°C (60°F) and the relative humidity between 40-60%.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e are commercially available and can be released in the pest mite infested crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e mites work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e are known to feed voraciously on their hosts including spider mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAfter application in the greenhouses or fields, predatory \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e mite starts munching on their host mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eEach adult mite can consume 5 eggs of pest mites per day.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThese mites also consume spider mites, one of the most important pests greenhouse and field crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding, mites develop and reproduce rapidly.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these mite can recycle continuously (do not need to apply again and again) and help to keep the pest population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e feeds on following stages pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eEggs of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eNymphs and adults of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How many predatory mites, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e should be release for the effective control of pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e4-5 predatory mites\/square feet (0.1 sq. meter) area bi-weekly, 2-3 times.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e5,000 to 25,000 predatory mites\/acre, bi-weekly, 2-3 times.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ When and how predatory mites, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e should be released\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive control measure these mites should be released before the incidence of pest mites\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure these predatory mites should be released after you start noticing presence of pest mites on the plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eRelease \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e mites when temperature is between 16-29°C (60-85°F) and the relative humidity is between 40-60%.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eRelease the adults of predatory mites opening vials and sprinkling them on plant leaves.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on crop pests responsible for the damage\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can munch on different stages of their hosts including eggs\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their hosts and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on the foliage after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why predatory mites are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with mites\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBarber, A., Campbell, C.A.M., Crane, H., Lilley, R. and Tregidga, E. 2003. Biocontrol of two-spotted spider mite \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e on dwarf hops by the phytoseiid mites \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e. Biocontrol Science and Technology 13: 275-284.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ede Almeida, A.A. and Janssen, A. 2013. Juvenile prey induce antipredator behaviour in adult predators. Experimental and Applied Acarology 59: 275- 282.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eGotoh, T. Yamaguchi, K. and Mori, K. 2004. Effect of temperature on life history of the predatory mite \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius (Neoseiulus) californicus\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology 32: 15-30.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eKerguelena, V. and Hoddlea, M.S. 1999. Biological control of \u003cem\u003eOligonychus perseae\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Tetranychidae) on avocado: II. evaluating the efficacy of \u003cem\u003eGalendromus helveolus\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae). International Journal of Acarology 25:221-229.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus californicus","offers":[{"title":"1000 Mites","offer_id":353753165,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151201","price":97.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2000 Mites","offer_id":353753831,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151213","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Mites","offer_id":353754909,"sku":"BFG-BI-CA5\/ AO-1151209","price":124.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 Mites","offer_id":616355197,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151210","price":181.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites","offer_id":353755329,"sku":"BFG-BI-CA25\/ AO 1151212","price":209.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites in 200 sachets (125 Mites\/sachet) with hooks","offer_id":1165722844,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151215","price":248.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites- 500 breeding sachets (250 Mites\/Sachet) with hooks","offer_id":616338513,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1151277","price":304.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10,000 Mites- 100 sachets (100ea)\/hook","offer_id":14514054397994,"sku":"BFG- BI CA1H\/ AO 1151216","price":179.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50,000 Mites in 500 sachets (100ea)\/hook","offer_id":14514066751530,"sku":"BFG- BI- CA5H\/ AO 1151217","price":370.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200,000 Mites","offer_id":32276537671722,"sku":"BFG- BI- CA200K","price":649.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"25,000 Mites in 100 sachets (250 Mites\/sachet) With Hooks","offer_id":53128011383057,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1151271","price":159.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"62,000 Mites in 250 breeding sachets (250 \/sachet) with hooks","offer_id":53128016396561,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151276","price":229.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites in 1000 breeding sachets (125 Mites\/Sachet) w\/hooks","offer_id":53128022720785,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1151278","price":774.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 mites in 500 breeding sachets (500 Mites\/Sachet) w\/hooks","offer_id":53128031731985,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1151279","price":397.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites in 100 GEMINI sachets (250 Mites\/sachet)","offer_id":53128038220049,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1151292","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites in 200 sachets (125 Mites\/sachet) w\/stick","offer_id":53128042184977,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1151295","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites in 1000 breeding sachets (125 Mites\/Sachet) w\/stick","offer_id":53128054276369,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1151296","price":674.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Neoseiulus_californicus.jpg?v=1488421255"},{"product_id":"predator-of-thrips-neoseiulus-cucumeris","title":"Predatory mite, Amblyseius cucumeris for Thrip control","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory, Amblyseius (\u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus) cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e mites are very small about 0.5 mm in size, tear (pear) shaped and tan colored mites that are currently used as beneficial biological control agents for the management of thrips, one of the most economically important insect pests of many greenhouse and field crops, fruit trees and ornamental plants. Both adult and nymph mites morphologically look alike but the nymphs are comparatively smaller than adults. Mite females lay eggs about 25-30 eggs amongst the very high concentration of thrip populations. Eggs hatch into very tiny nymphs that immediately start feeding on immature stages of thrips and also plant pest species of mites. This predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e develop within 7-12 days as an adult and it can survive for 30 days at 20-25oC. Predatory, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e also performs best against thrips when relative humidity is above 40% but their activity is comparatively very high when relative humidity is between 65-70%. Predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e generally feed on only thy immature stages of thrips.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e (show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e effective against following species of thrips\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eastern flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella tritici\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe greenhouse thrips, \u003cem\u003eHeliothrips haemorrhoidalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe melon thrips, \u003cem\u003eThrips palmi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe western flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ What are thrips?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThrips are tiny about 1\/20 inches (1-2 mm) long slender, yellowish, blackish, whitish or dark brownish bodied insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTheir adults have hair-fringed wings but larvae or nymphs are wingless.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and nymphs of thrips have rasping and sucking types of mouth parts that they use for puncturing and the sucking cell sap from the plant tissues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThrips can reproduce sexually or asexually and their females can lay eggs into leaf or bud tissues.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter hatching from eggs, nymphs begin feeding on plant tissue and reach to maturity.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe matured larvae then pupate in the soil, plant crevices or on the leaves.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Economically important species of thrips\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eastern flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella tritici\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe greenhouse thrips, \u003cem\u003eHeliothrips haemorrhoidalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe melon thrips, \u003cem\u003eThrips palmi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe western flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How thrips cause damage to host plants?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and nymphs use their rasping and sucking types of mouth-parts to mainly feed on young and rapidly growing plant tissues including leaf, flower and fruit.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding thrips generally use their left mandible to cut plant tissue and this type of feeding causes scars on the buds, leaves, flowers, fruits and twigs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe main symptoms of severely damaged plants include stunted growth, and curling\/folding, distortion and discoloration of leaves, flower buds and flowers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Severely damaged leaves and flower petals can drop prematurely.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlso, scattered feces of thrips on the leaves, flowers and fruits can reduce aesthetic value of ornamental plants and the fruits.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Biological Control of Thrips?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a biological control agents, predatory, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e mites have a great potential to control thrips that are responsible to cause a tremendous damage to many crops grown either in the greenhouses or field.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFollowing are the main facts about predatory, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ The species of pest mites killed by Predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe broad mite, \u003cem\u003ePolyphagotarsonemus latus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe cyclamen mite, \u003cem\u003ePhytonemus pallidus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe tomato russet mite, \u003cem\u003eAculops lycopersici\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e kill and feed on host thrips?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImmediately hatching from eggs, the nymphs of predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e starts feeding on the immature stages of thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese mites are voracious feeders and keep feeding on the thrips until they die.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Which stages of thirps are killed by predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImmature stages of thrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How many \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor low incidence of thrips or as preventive control strategy, release 50-60 mites per square meter area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor medium incidence of thrips, release about 100 mites per square meter area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor high incidence of thrips or as curative control strategy, release more than 100 mites per square meter area.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ When is a right time to release \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e can be used both as preventive and curative control measure for the thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive treatment, mites can be released even before the incidence of thrips in your garden, as these mites can survive by feeding on pollen until they can find their real food, the thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative control measure, these predatory mites should be released when there is a high population of thrips present on the plants in your garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How to release predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you buy mites in bulk quantity in a substrate like bran flake carrier then it should be evenly spread over the foliage of crop or over the seedlings before transplanting.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf these predatory mites are supplied in small packages, open these packages and evenly distribute in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on immature stages of thrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can also kill and feed on pest mites that cause a serious damage to crops\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host immature nymphs (larvae) of thrips and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why predatory \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with predatory mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArthurs, S., McKenzie, C.L, Chen, J., Dogramaci, M., Brennan, M., Houben, K. and Osborne, L. 2009. Evaluation of \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius swirskii\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae) as biological control agents of chilli thrips, \u003cem\u003eScirtothrips dorsalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on pepper. Biological Control 49: 91-96.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCabanas, D., Watanabe, S., Higashi, C.H. and Bressan, A. 2013. Dissecting the mode of maize chlorotic mottle virus transmission (Tombusviridae: Machlomovirus) by \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella williamsi\u003c\/em\u003e (Thysanoptera:Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 106:16-24.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJones, D.R. 2005. Plant viruses transmitted by thrips. European Journal of Plant Pathology 113: 119-157.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVan Drieschea, R.G., Lyon, S., Stanek III, E.j., Xu, B. and C. Nunn, C. 2006. Evaluation of efficacy of \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e for control of western flower thrips in spring bedding crops. Biological Control 36: 203-215.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWilliams, M.E.D.C. 2001. Biological control of thrips on ornamental crops: interactions between the predatory mite \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus cucumeris\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Western flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), on Cyclamen. Biocontrol Science and Technology 11: 41-55.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c!--0l--\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predator of Thrips, Neoseiulus cucumeris","offers":[{"title":"20,000 Mites \/tube (No Vermiculite)","offer_id":14531753574442,"sku":"BFG- BI NCB2\/ AO 1152231","price":59.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20,000 Mites - Vermiculite","offer_id":53357431619857,"sku":"BFG- BI NC20K-VM\/ AO 1152231","price":59.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20,000 mites - 200 sachets (100\/sachet) with hooks","offer_id":14531757801514,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1152201","price":149.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites- 100 Sachets (250ea)\/hook","offer_id":353759997,"sku":"BFG-BI- N1H\/ AO- 1152215","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites- 100 sachets (250ea)\/ stick","offer_id":620445997,"sku":"BFG- BI N1K\/ AO- 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500 sachets (250\/sachet) on stick","offer_id":620486069,"sku":"BFG- BI-NC5K\/AO- 1152225","price":189.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200,000 Mites- 200 sachets (1000ea)\/ hook","offer_id":12519455260714,"sku":"BFG- BI- NC20\/ AO- 1152201","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 Mites in vermiculite\/bucket","offer_id":353758985,"sku":"BFG- BI NCVG\/ AO 1152223","price":205.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 Mites- 1000 sachets (250ea)\/ hooks","offer_id":620478189,"sku":"BFG- BI NC1H\/ AO1152222","price":219.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 Mites- 1000 in sachets (250ea) on a stick","offer_id":620488193,"sku":"BFG- BI-NC1K\/AO1152226","price":227.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 Mites- 80% bran \u0026 20 vermiculite\/5-L bag","offer_id":12519329824810,"sku":"BFG- BI NCBG\/ AO- 1152206","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 Mites in vermiculite\/1 L tube","offer_id":53449123332369,"sku":"BFG- BI NC250K-1L-VM","price":205.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 Mites- 1000 sachets (250ea) in bran with no sticks or hooks","offer_id":12519464271914,"sku":"BFG- BI- NC1N\/ AO- 1152222","price":209.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 Mites \/5-L bucket bran","offer_id":14531642785834,"sku":"BFG- BI- NCGN","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500,000 Mites- 500 sachets (1000ea)\/hooks","offer_id":12519459717162,"sku":"BFG- BI- NC50\/ AO- 1152228","price":269.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200,000 Mites in 400 mini sachets (500 mites\/sachet)\/hook","offer_id":620448353,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1152221","price":149.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 Mites in vermiculite","offer_id":620482009,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1152223","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250,000 Mites in 1000 mini sachets (250 mites in each\/ hooks","offer_id":32368937041962,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1152222","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500,000 Mites in 2000 sachets (250 mites\/sachet)\/sticks","offer_id":32368939958314,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1152227","price":328.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1,602,000 Mites","offer_id":32368947920938,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1152220","price":609.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 Mites- 500 mini sachets (250ea) long stick","offer_id":620496833,"sku":"BFG- BI- NC5KL","price":129.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"500,000 in Barn\/Verm","offer_id":53142609166609,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1152209","price":259.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites in Bran\/Verm","offer_id":53142621749521,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1152207","price":69.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"300,000 mite in 300 GEMINIi sachets (1000\/sachet)","offer_id":53142624665873,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1152203","price":189.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"predatory-mite-neoseiulus-fallacis","title":"Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus fallacis for control of spider mites","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory Mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e is a very effective predator in controlling different species of pests mites especially red spider mites also known as two-spotted spider mites, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e and European red mites that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops and fruits grown in the greenhouses and\/or fields. Depending upon their prey, the adults of predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e are red to brown in color. Adult \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e mites are pear-shaped with four pairs of legs. Females of \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e generally lay over 60 pear-shaped eggs on the underside of leaves. These eggs hatch into tiny transparent non-feeding larvae with six legs. These larvae then develop through two successive developmental stages that termed as protonymphal and deutonymphal stages and then into adult stages. Both these immature nymphal stages resemble to their parents. These two nymphal stages and adults are voracious feeders of pest mites. The optimum temperature for normal reproduction and development of these predatory mites is between 21 and 38°C (70-100°F) and relative humidity between 40-60%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Effective against the following pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBroad mites, \u003cem\u003ePolyphagotarsonemus latus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBrevipalpus citrus mite, \u003cem\u003eBrevipalpus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarmine red mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus cinnabarinus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCitrus red mite, \u003cem\u003ePanonychus citri\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCyclamen Mite, \u003cem\u003ePhytonemus pallidus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean red mite, \u003cem\u003ePanonychus ulmi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePacific mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus pacificus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSix-spotted mite, \u003cem\u003eEotetranychus sexmaculatus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSouthern red mite, \u003cem\u003eOligonychus ilicis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato russet mite, \u003cem\u003eAculops lycopersici\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo-spotted spider mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for Predatory Mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e are natural predators of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese predatory mites are active and will feed on pest mites at a wide range of temperature from lowest level of 1.6°C (35°F) to highest level of 38°C (100°F).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and nymphs of this predatory mite feed voraciously on all the stages of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe main characteristics of this predatory mite is that it grows faster than its host mites meaning it can overtake multiplying population.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults of this predatory mite can eat on over 15 pest mites\/day.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults of \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e are very active and can move easily from one colony to other colony of pest mites. If the leaves of one plant touches to leaves of other plants, these predatory mites can easily move to other plants that are infested with pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e are commercially available and can be released in the pest mite infested vegetable crops including bean, cucumber, eggplant, sweet pepper and tomatoes, and several ornamental plants including roses.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e mites work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e are known to feed voraciously on their hosts including spider mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter application in the greenhouses or fields, predatory \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e mite starts munching on their host mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach adult mite can consume over 15 pest mites per day.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding, predatory mites develop and reproduce faster than their host mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these mite can recycle continuously (do not need to apply again and again) and help to keep the pest population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e feeds on following stages pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults of this predatory mite can feed on all the stages such as eggs, larvae, protonymphs, deutonymphs and adults of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How many predatory mites, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e should be release for the effective control of pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4-5 predatory mites\/square feet (0.1 sq. meter) area bi-weekly, 2-3 times.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7,000 to 10,000 predatory mites\/acre, bi-weekly, 2-3 times.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ When and how predatory mites, \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e should be released\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese predatory mites can be release in any cropping system where host mites are causing damage to crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure these predatory mites should be released after you start noticing presence of pest mites on the plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e mites when temperature is between 15-38°C (59-100°F) and the relative humidity is between 40-60%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease the adults of predatory mites by opening vials and sprinkling them on plant leaves.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on crop pests responsible for the damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can munch on different stages of their hosts including eggs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their hosts and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on the foliage after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why predatory mites are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCoop, L.B. and Croft, B.A. 1995. \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e: dispersal and biological control of \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e following minimal inoculations into a strawberry field. Experimental and Applied Acarology 19: 31-43.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrong, W.B., Croft, B.A. and Slone, D.H. 1997. Spatial Aggregation and Refugia of the Mites \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus fallacis\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Tetranychidae, Phytoseiidae) on Hop. Environmental Entomology 26: 859-865.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus fallacis","offers":[{"title":"2000 mites\/8 oz bottle","offer_id":616395029,"sku":"BFG- BI NF2\/ AO 1151402","price":159.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Mites","offer_id":353771001,"sku":"BFG- BI NF1\/ AO 1151401","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5000 Mites\/ 16 oz bottle","offer_id":12528457089066,"sku":"BFG- BI- NF5\/ AO 1151403","price":159.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10,000 Mites in vermiculite","offer_id":12528460824618,"sku":"BFG- BI- NF10\/ AO 1151404","price":292.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites in vermiculite","offer_id":12528467378218,"sku":"BFG- BI- NF25","price":421.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1000 Mites \/ shavings","offer_id":14533580423210,"sku":"BFG- BI FS1","price":71.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"2000 Mites \/ shavings","offer_id":14533584617514,"sku":"BFG- BI FS2","price":91.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"5000 Mites \/ shavings","offer_id":14533588713514,"sku":"BFG- BI FS5","price":159.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"10,000 Mites\/ shavings","offer_id":14533597560874,"sku":"BFG- BI- FS10","price":214.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"25,000 Mites\/shavings","offer_id":14533606637610,"sku":"BFG- BI- FS25","price":421.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"predator-of-thrips-orius-insidiosus","title":"Predatory minute pirate bug, Orius insidiosus for thrip control","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredator of thrips, \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e also known as flower bug because it is attracted to flowers. This bug is also known as minute pirate bug and is considered as the most effective predatory insect that voraciously feeds on different species of thrips. Thrips are tiny insects that are known for causing a tremendous damage to many agricultural and horticultural crops, and ornamental plants. \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e are considered as true bugs because they belong to an insect order Hemiptera and they have piercing and sucking type of mouthparts called as beak or proboscis. Adult bugs are very small about 2-3 mm long, oval shaped and black colored. They have two pairs of wings with white markings. Females of \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e lay about over 150 eggs during their lifespan in plant tissues. Eggs hatch into small first instar (stage) nymphs and develop through 5 instars (stages) and then they become adults (Fig. 1). The instar nymphs of \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e are not predatory in nature but all other instars and adults are aggressive predators of thrips and many other soft bodied insects including aphids, mites and whiteflies. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/files\/Life_cycle_of_flower_bug.jpg?565\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAphids, \u003cem\u003eAphis\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs of both butterflies and moths\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnion thrips, \u003cem\u003eThrips tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo spotted spider mite, \u003ci\u003eTetranychus\u003c\/i\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhiteflies, \u003cem\u003eBemisia\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince adult \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e bugs are strong flyers, they can quickly locate their hosts and feed on them.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth nymphs and adults of \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e are predatory in nature.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth these stages of \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e use their piercing and sucking beaks to feed on their hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince they have short life span of 3-4 week, they can produce more generations during growing season that helps to suppress pest populations.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e bugs perform well against their hosts including thrips, aphids and whiteflies when optimum temperature is between 62 to 84 \u003cspan\u003e°\u003c\/span\u003eF (16.7-28.9\u003cspan\u003e°C\u003c\/span\u003e).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter their application, these bugs can establish themselves in the targeted areas.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How predatory \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e works in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese bugs are supplied as adults and\/or nymphs in a container filled with buckwheat hulls or vermiculite.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen applied in the greenhouse, fields or gardens, these bugs will disseminate themselves quickly and search for their hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNymphs are wingless but they can walk plant to plant and find their food.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults are strong flyers and therefore they are good at searching their food.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs adults of \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e are attracted to flowers, they can be very effective in controlling thrips that infest flowering plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and nymphs of \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e can feed over 20 nymphs and adults of thrips and 30 spider mites per day.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of thrips are killed by predatory \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth nymphs and adults of thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many Predator of thrips, \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the greenhouses, release 2-3 adults per plant weekly for 3-4 weeks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIn the open areas like gardens and fields, release 2000 to 4000 adults\/ acre or 5000 to 10,000 adults\/hectare.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When and how Predator \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e should be released for the effective control of thrips?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese bugs are supplied as adults and\/or nymphs in a container filled with buckwheat hulls or vermiculite.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e bugs as soon as possible after receiving the packages.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you are not ready to release, then store them at cooler temperatures between 50 to 59\u003cspan\u003e°\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eF\u003c\/span\u003e (10-15\u003cspan\u003e°C\u003c\/span\u003e).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you are ready, release these bugs by simply sprinkling the mixture of bugs and carrier material (wheat hulls or vermiculite) evenly in the garden.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs adult of \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e are good flyers, they quickly find their host in the garden and feed on them.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on the eggs nymphs and adults of thrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host, the different species of thrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFunderburk , J., Stavisky , J. and Olson, S. 2000. Predation of \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Field Peppers by \u003cem\u003eOrius insidiosus\u003c\/em\u003e (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Environmental Entomology 29:376-382.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRondon, S.I., Cantliffe, D.J. and James F. Price, J.F. 2004. The feeding behavior of the bigeyed bug, minute pirate bug, and pink spotted lady beetle relative to main strawberry pests. Environmental Entomology 33:1014-1019.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predator of Thrips, Orius insidiosus","offers":[{"title":"500 adults-Nymphs","offer_id":353773299,"sku":"BFG- BI- OI5\/ AO- 1117001","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 adults-nymphs","offer_id":353774341,"sku":"BFG- BI OIM\/ AO- 1117003","price":164.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2000 adults-nymphs","offer_id":620547485,"sku":"BFG- BI-OIM2\/ AO-1117004","price":235.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Adult_of_Orius_insidiosus.jpg?v=1393349013"},{"product_id":"parasite-of-mexican-beetles-pediobius-foveolatus","title":"Parasitic Wasp, Pediobius foveolatus for Mexican Bean Beetle Control","description":"\u003cp\u003eParasitic \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e are black colored small wasps that are known to parasitize larvae of Mexican bean beetles, \u003cem\u003eEpilachna varivestis\u003c\/em\u003e as well as larvae of squash beetles, \u003cem\u003eEpilachna borealis\u003c\/em\u003e. Since these parasitic wasps are originally from tropical climates, they do not survive under freezing temperatures and therefore, they cannot overwinter as adults or larvae in the areas where temperature is very cold or below freezing point. Since these wasps cannot survive during winter, they need to be always cultured under laboratory conditions for their continuous supply and release in the field for the successful control of Mexican bean beetles. These laboratory cultured wasps are generally sold as \"mummies\" and\/or adults that can be easily released in the field for the control of Mexican bean beetles.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\r\n\u003cdl\u003e\r\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Parasitic Wasp, \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e effective against following species of Mexican beetle\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eMexican beetle, \u003cem\u003eEpilachna varivestis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ What are Mexican beetles?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003eMexican beetle is one of the noxious insect pests of many bean crops and scientifically it is known as \u003cem\u003eEpilachna varivestis\u003c\/em\u003e. This insect is responsible for causing a significant damage to many different kinds of bean crops including Cowpea (\u003cem\u003eVigna unguiculata\u003c\/em\u003e), Lima beans (\u003cem\u003ePhaseolus lunatus\u003c\/em\u003e), Green\/Snap beans (\u003cem\u003ePhaseolus vulgaris\u003c\/em\u003e), Soybeans (\u003cem\u003eGlycine max\u003c\/em\u003e) etc. Adults of Mexican beetles look like ladybird beetles except that they have copper to cream to yellowish colored wings with 8 black spots on each forewing whereas adults of ladybird beetles are orange to red in color with 7 black spots on each forewing. The males of Mexican bean beetles are slightly smaller than their females. These beetles overwinter as adults and they become active early in the spring. In the spring, females lay yellow colored eggs on the underside of bean leaves. Eggs hatch within 7-10 days into yellow colored larvae with spines on their bodies. Immediately after hatching from eggs larvae starts feeding on the bean leaves by scraping their surface. The second generation adults are generally noticed in the field in mid-June.\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How Mexican bean beetles cause damage to bean crops?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBoth larvae and adults of Mexican bean beetle directly feed on leaves of different kinds of beans including Lima beans, Snap beans, soybeans etc.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eMexican bean beetle larvae feed on leaves by scrapping their upper surface.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhereas adults of Mexican bean beetle feed by completely chewing the leaves of beans.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How Mexican bean beetles can be controlled organically?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eCrop rotation with non-host crops can reduce bean damage in the next season.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIf population of Mexican bean beetle is very low, hand-picking and killing of their adults and larvae can help to reduce damage to future crop and suppress their future outbreaks.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIf population of Mexican bean beetle is very high, it is recommended to use beneficial insects including Parasitic Wasp, \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e to control Mexican bean beetles.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How Parasitic \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e kills Mexican bean beetles and squash beetles?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eParasitic wasps, \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e that are shipped as adults that would be ready to lay eggs inside the Mexican bean beetle larvae.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAlso, parasitic \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasp that are shipped as mummies will be ready to emerge as adults when they are placed in the field and after mating, their females will be ready to parasitize the young larvae of Mexican bean beetles or squash beetles by laying eggs inside the larval bodies.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eEach female of \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasp lays over 20 eggs inside the body of each Mexican bean beetle larva or squash beetle larva.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThese wasp eggs hatch inside the body of Mexican bean beetle larvae that turns into mummy meaning outer skin (cuticle) of parasitized larvae becomes hard and dark in color but remains intact.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThen inside the mummy, the hatched larvae immediately begins feeding on the tissues of organs of Mexican bean beetle larvae, which eventually dies.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding internally on the tissues of Mexican beetle larvae, wasp larva matures and then pupates inside the mummy.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eFrom these pupae adult wasps emerges out by making a small hole in the mummy.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThese \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasp adults then fly off, mate, mated females starts parasitizing Mexican beetle larvae by laying eggs inside larval host body and life cycle of wasp continues.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How many \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are commercially available as mummies or adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eThese wasps are easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eOne Mummy can produce over 25 adults of \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eGenerally rate of \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps depends on the numbers of Mexican bean beetle larvae present in the infested areas to be treated.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eHigher the density of larvae of Mexican bean beetles larger the numbers of adults or mummies of \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are required to treat the infested area.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eTo achieve optimum level of Mexican bean beetle control, it is recommended to release a minimum of 3000 \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e adult wasps per acre during growing season of beans.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIf you are applying mummies of \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e, it is recommended to apply them at the rate of 150 (3750 adult wasps) and 300 (7500 adult wasps) mummies per acre for low and heavy infestations of Mexican bean beetle, respectively.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAlso, about 20 mummies (over 500 adult wasps) of \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasp would be enough to treat a small vegetable garden infested with Mexican bean beetle.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ When \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released for effective control of Mexican bean beetles?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are commercially available as mummies or adults and are easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAs we know that the overwintering adults of Mexican bean beetles generally appear early in the spring in the field where they mate, then their females lay yellow colored egg masses on the lower surface of leaves and when the temperature is favorable these eggs can hatch into first generation larvae within a week.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIt is a well-known fact that the \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are very effective against younger larvae of Mexican beetles than their older larvae. This means timing of ordering and releasing of \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be coincided with the hatching of eggs and the presence of young larvae of Mexican bean beetles on the leaves of beans.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eSince the first generation larvae of Mexican bean beetles occur in field, \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released in the late spring to kill first generation larvae of Mexican bean beetles. This application of \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps in the field can also reduce the emergence of the second generation adults of the Mexican bean beetles that generally starts appearing in late June to early July the field.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAlso, \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps released in the spring should multiply and produce second generation adults that can parasitize the overlapping and future generations of Mexican bean beetle larvae.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released for effective control of Mexican bean beetles?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are generally shipped as mummies or adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eIf you have ordered \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps but still not ready to release them in the field or in the greenhouse then the packages containing mummies or adult wasps should be stored in a cool place until you are ready to release them in the bean fields infested with Mexican bean beetles.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you are ready, adult \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are released by opening the containers under bean bushes allow them to fly away in the field.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you are releasing \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasp mummies, place the open containers on the ground under the bean bushes so that they can be protected from predators.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eAdult wasps will then fly out of the containers or they will emerge from mummies and start searching for Mexican bean beetle larvae.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eOnce they locate appropriate stage of Mexican bean beetle larvae, they will parasitize them.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eWhile releasing these wasps, make sure that there is no heavy rain that may affect their survival.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on larvae of Mexican bean beetles and squash beetles\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can parasitize young larvae of Mexican beetles\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host larvae and parasitize and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why predatory \u003cem\u003ePediobius foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with wasps\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\r\n\u003cdd\u003e\r\n\u003col\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eBarrows, E.M. and Hooker, M.E. 1981. Parasitization of the Mexican bean beetle (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) by \u003cem\u003ePediobius- foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) in urban vegetable gardens. Environmental Entomology 10: 782-786.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eOwn, O.S. and Brooks, W.M. 1986. Interactions of the parasite \u003cem\u003ePediobius- foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e (hymenoptera, eulophidae) with 2 \u003cem\u003eNosema\u003c\/em\u003e spp (Microsporida, Nosematidae) of the Mexican bean beetle (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Environmental Entomology 15: 32-39.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003cli\u003eSchaefer, P.W., Dysart, R.J., Flanders, R.V., Burger, T.L. and Ikebe, K. 1983. Mexican bean beetle (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) larval parasite \u003cem\u003ePediobius- foveolatus\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) from Japan - field release in the United-States. Environmental Entomology 12: 852-854.\u003c\/li\u003e\r\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\r\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Parasite of Mexican Beetles, Pediobius foveolatus","offers":[{"title":"20  Pediobius foveolatus Mummies (1vial of 20 mummies for $66.45)","offer_id":353775547,"sku":"BFG-PF20","price":66.45,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"40 Pediobius foveolatus Mummies (2 vials of 20 mummies for $63.45\/vial)","offer_id":1164853608,"sku":"BFG-PF40","price":126.9,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"60 Pediobius foveolatus Mummies (3 vials of 20 mummies for $62.45\/vial)","offer_id":1164856072,"sku":"BFG-PF60","price":187.35,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"80 Pediobius foveolatus Mummies (4 vials of 20 mummies for $61.45\/vial)","offer_id":1164858660,"sku":"BFG-PF80","price":245.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"100 Pediobius foveolatus Mimmies (1 vial of 100 mummies for $279.45)","offer_id":353777245,"sku":"BFG-PF100","price":279.45,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"200 Pediobius foveolatus Mummies (2 vials of 100 mummies for $275.45\/vial)","offer_id":353777615,"sku":"BFG-PF200","price":550.9,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"400 Pediobius foveolatus Mummies (4 vials of 100 mummies for $274.45\/vial)","offer_id":1164873196,"sku":"BFG-PF400","price":1097.8,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"1000 Pediobius foveolatus Adults (1 vial of 1000 Adults for $127.45)","offer_id":1164876760,"sku":"BFG-PF1M1000","price":127.45,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"2000 Pediobius foveolatus Adults (2 vials of 1000 Adults for $126.45\/vial)","offer_id":1164878552,"sku":"BFG-PF1M2000","price":252.9,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"3000 Pediobius foveolatus Adults (3 vials of 1000 Adults for $125.45\/vial)","offer_id":1164880768,"sku":"BFG-PF1M3000","price":376.35,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"predatory-mite-phytoseiulus-persimilis","title":"Predatory spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory spined soldier bug, \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e also called as a stink bug because they emit strong odor when disturbed. These predatory spined soldier bugs are considered as the most effective biological control agents because they can kill and feed on caterpillars, larvae and grubs of many insect pests (see below) that are responsible for causing a serious damage to many agricultural and horticultural, and ornamental plants. Adult soldier bugs are yellowish to brown in color with about 12 mm long and 7.5 mm wide shield shaped body. As name implies, they have two spines on each humeral angle. These bugs overwinter as adults under previous crop residues. Females of spined soldier bug generally lay over 25 loose egg masses on the upper surface of leaves and twigs. These eggs hatch within a week into small nymphs, which develop through five instars\/stages and then become adults. All the five nymphal instars look alike with black colored head and thorax, and reddish colored abdomen. First instar nymphs generally do not feed. However, later instar nymphs ( second, third, fourth and fifth instars) and adults have piercing and sucking type of mouthparts also called beaks. Predatory spined soldier bugs use their beaks for injecting a paralyzing toxic substance into host larvae or grubs and for feeding on the body content of the host larvae or grubs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBanana skipper, Erionota thrax\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCabbage worm, Pieris brassicae\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eColorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorn earworm, Heliothis zea\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCross-striped cabbage worm, Evergestis rimosalis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiamondback moth, Plutella xylostella\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlea beetles\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFruit piercing moth, Eudocima fullonia Green\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImported cabbage worm, Pieris rapae\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeaf beetle, Microtheca ochroloma\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMexican bean beetle, Epilachna varivestis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe Poinciana Looper, Pericyma cruegeri\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVelvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePredatory spined soldier bug, \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e has a wide host range (see above).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth nymphs and adults have piercing and sucking type of mouthparts called beaks.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese beaks are used for injecting a paralyzing toxic substance into host larvae and for feeding on the body content of the host larvae\/grubs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePredatory Spined soldier bug, \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e can kill and feed on caterpillars, larvae and grubs of many insect pests that caused a serious damage to many agricultural and horticultural, and ornamental plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How predatory \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e works in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePredatory spined soldier bugs are supplied as eggs, which are close to hatch or as nymphs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen you release nymphs in the field or greenhouse, they will actively search for their host larvae\/caterpillars\/grubs by walking quickly from plant to plant.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOnce victim is found, both nymphs and adults use their beak to inject toxic paralyzing substance into body of their victim.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis injected toxin will paralyze their host larvae\/grubs within a few seconds.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThen both the nymphs and adults will use their piercing and sucking type of mouthparts (beaks) to suck the body content of host larvae or grubs and eventually kill them.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of insect pests are killed by \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLarvae also called as caterpillars of lepidopterous (butterflies and moths) insect pests.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLarvae also called as grubs of coleopterous (beetles) insect pests.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003eshould be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen there is a low infestation of target insect pests, release 1-2 nymphs per infested plant.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen there is a heavy infestation of target insect pests, release 10-15 nymphs per infested plant.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When and how \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e should be released for the effective control of insect pests?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePredatory spined soldier bugs are supplied as eggs, which are close to hatch or shipped as nymphs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter receiving package, check if the eggs are hatched or not.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf eggs are not yet hatched, keep them in a moderately humid and shaded place at 68-87°F (20-30.5°C) until hatching begins.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter hatching begins do not store them longer than 4 hours and never store them at cold temperatures.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCheck eggs everyday for their hatching.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen hatching begins, you will notice movement of first instar nymphs in the containers.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease these hatched nymphs immediately by sprinkling them evenly on the insect pest infested crop.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you receive already hatched nymphs, release them immediately in the foliage of insect pest infested crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on the larvae and grubs crop pests\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can munch on the larval stages of their host insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host insects and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the field after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with Predatory spined soldier bugs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAldrich, J.R. and Cantelo, W.W. 2001. Suppression of Colorado potato beetle infestation by pheromone-mediated augmentation of the predatory spined soldier bug, \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e(Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Agricultural and Forest Entomology 1: 209–217.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHarvey, J.A., Weber, D., De Clercq, P. and Gols, R. 2013. A bodyguard or a tastier meal? Dying caterpillar indirectly protects parasitoid cocoons by offering alternate prey to a generalist predator. Ntomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 149: 219-228.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMontemayor, C.O. and Cave, R.D. 2012. Evaluation of the Predation Capacity of \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on \u003cem\u003eMicrotheca ochroloma\u003c\/em\u003e (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Field Cages. Journal of Economic Entomology 105: 1719-1725.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReddy, G.V.P. and Kikuchi, R. 2011. Laboratory host range assessment of a predatory pentatomid, \u003cem\u003ePodisus maculiventris\u003c\/em\u003e (hemiptera: pentatomidae) for field release on Guam. Florida Entomologist 94: 853-858.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYU, S. J. 1998. Selectivity of insecticides to the spined soldier bug (Heteroptera: Pentatornidae) and its lepidopterous prey. Journal of Economic Entomology 81: 119-122.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris","offers":[{"title":"50 Nymphs","offer_id":353780271,"sku":"BFG- BI- PM50","price":159.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 nymphs in 2 trays (50 nymphs\/tray)","offer_id":620365593,"sku":"BFG-BI PM50","price":269.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Spined_Soldier_Bug.jpg?v=1393016128"},{"product_id":"predatory-mite-phytoseiulus-persimilis-1","title":"Predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis PLUS for spider mite control","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory Mite, \u003cem\u003e Phytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e is a very effective predator in controlling different species of pests mites especially red spider mites also known as two-spotted spider mites, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops and fruits grown in the greenhouses and\/or fields. Adults of predatory mite, \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e are orange in color. Females of \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e generally lay about 60-80 oval shaped eggs amongst the colonies of pest mites. These eggs hatch into tiny non-feeding larvae with six legs. These larvae then develop through two developmental stages that termed as protonymphal and deutonymphal stages. Both these immature nymphal stages resemble to their parents. These two nymphal stages and adults are voracious feeders of pest mites. Depending upon the temperature, the development of these predatory mites varies between 5 and 25 days at 30 and 15°C (86-59°F), respectively.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e- Effective against the following pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCarmine red mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus cinnabarinus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePacific mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus pacificus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo-spotted spider mite, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Key factors for Predatory Mite, \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e are natural predators of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and nymphs of this predatory mite feed voraciously on all the stages of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHowever, nymphs of \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e prefer to feed on the eggs and immature stages of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe main characteristics of this predatory mite is that it grows faster than its host mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults of this predatory mite can feed on over 25 eggs, 15 nymphs and 5 adults of pest mites\/day.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e are very effective against pest mites and they can complete several generations when the temperature is above 15°C (59°F) and the relative humidity above 40%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults of \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e are very active and can move easily from one colony to other colony of pest mites. If the leaves of one plant touches to leaves of other plants, these predatory mites can easily move to other plants that are infested with pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003e Phytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e are commercially available and can be released in the pest mite infested vegetable crops including bean, cucumber, eggplant, sweet pepper and tomatoes, and several ornamental plants including roses.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e mites work in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e are known to feed voraciously on their hosts including spider mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter application in the greenhouses or fields, predatory \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e mite starts munching on their host mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEach adult mite can consume 25 eggs and 5 adults of pest mites per day.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding, predatory mites develop and reproduce faster than their host mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these mite can recycle continuously (do not need to apply again and again) and help to keep the pest population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Predatory mite, \u003cem\u003e Phytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e feeds on following stages pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe nymphs of predatory mites generally prefer to feed on the eggs but can feed on the larval and nymphal stages of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults of this predatory mite can feed on all the stages such as eggs, larvae, protonymphs, deutonymphs and adults of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ How many predatory mites, \u003cem\u003e Phytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e should be release for the effective control of pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4-5 predatory mites\/square feet (0.1 sq. meter) area bi-weekly, 2-3 times.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5,000 to 25,000 predatory mites\/acre, bi-weekly, 2-3 times.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ When and how predatory mites, \u003cem\u003e Phytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e should be released\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese predatory mites can be release in any cropping system where host mites are causing damage to crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure these predatory mites should be released after you start noticing presence of pest mites on the plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease \u003cem\u003e Phytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e mites when temperature is between 15-30°C (59-86°F) and the relative humidity is between 40-60%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease the adults of predatory mites by opening vials and sprinkling them on plant leaves.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on crop pests responsible for the damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can munch on different stages of their hosts including eggs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their hosts and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle on the foliage after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to apply in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Why predatory mites are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBarber, A., Campbell, C.A.M., Crane, H., Lilley, R. and Tregidga, E. 2003. Biocontrol of two-spotted spider mite \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e on dwarf hops by the phytoseiid mites \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus californicus\u003c\/em\u003e. Biocontrol Science and Technology 13: 275-284.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNicetic, O., Watson, D.M., Beattie, G.A.C., Meats, A. and Zheng, J. 2001. Integrated pest management of two-spotted mite \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e on greenhouse roses using petroleum spray oil and the predatory mite \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis.\u003c\/em\u003e Experimental and Applied Acarology 25: 37-53.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOsborne, L. S. and Petitt, F. L. 1985. Insecticidal Soap and the Predatory Mite, \u003cem\u003ePhytoseiulus persimilis\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae), Used in Management of the Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Greenhouse Grown Foliage Plants. Journal of Economic Entomology 78: 687-691.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory Mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis","offers":[{"title":"25,000 Mites (250 Sachets of 100 mites\/sachet w\/hooks)","offer_id":53122534244625,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151230","price":284.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50,000 Mites (500 Sachets of 100 mites\/sachet with hooks)","offer_id":53122560590097,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151231","price":419.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"5,000 Mites (50 Sachets of 100 mites\/sachet with hooks)","offer_id":53122563014929,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151235","price":93.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 Mites (100 Sachets of 100 mites\/sachet with hooks)","offer_id":53122568651025,"sku":"BFG- AO 1151236","price":161.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites","offer_id":53122648834321,"sku":"AO 1151255","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50, 000 Mites","offer_id":53122650734865,"sku":"AO 1151256","price":219.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"thrips-predatory-mites-stratiolaelaps-scimitus","title":"Predatory mite, Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Hypoaspis miles) for fungus gnat \u0026 thrip control","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory Mite, \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e also known as \u003cem\u003eHypoaspis miles\u003c\/em\u003e is been widely used as a biological control agent to control dark-winged fungus gnats, (\u003cem\u003eBradysia\u003c\/em\u003e spp.) and thrips. This predatory mite generally lives in the soil and feeds on soil-dwelling stages of fungus gnats, thrips and other insect pests (see below) that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops grown both in the greenhouses, nurseries and fields, and poultry. Adults of predatory \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e are clear-brown to tan colored tiny mites that are about 0.8- 1.0 mm in size. Females of \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e generally lay oval shaped eggs in the soil or potting mix. These eggs hatch into tiny brown to black colored larvae with six legs. These larvae then develop through two successive developmental stages known as protonymphal and deutonymphal stages. Both these immature nymphal stages resemble to their parents known to feed on the eggs and larvae of fungus gnats, and larval, prepupal and pupal stages of thrips that present in the soil. The optimum temperature required for the reproduction and development this predatory \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e mite is between 15-25°C (59-77°F). At this temperature range these mites generally complete their egg-egg life cycle within 13-15 days.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFungus gnats, \u003cem\u003eBradysia\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePill bugs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoultry lice\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePoultry red mites, \u003cem\u003eDermanyssus gallinae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSow bugs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpider mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpring tails\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe dry bulb mite, \u003cem\u003eAceria tulipae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe root mealybugs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe mushroom sciarid fly, \u003cem\u003eLycoriella solani\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVarroa mites, \u003cem\u003eVorroa destructor\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWestern flower thrips, \u003cem\u003eFrankliniella occidentalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e are natural predators of mainly fungus gnats, shore flies and thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth adults and nymphs of this predatory mite voraciously feeds on the eggs and all the larval stages of fungus gnats.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince both adults and nymphs of this predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e live in the soil or potting medium, they can find and feeds on the mature larval stages of thrips that fall on the soil or potting medium surface for pupation. Also, these mites can feed on the prepupal and pupal stages of thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs these predatory mites can survive in the soil for a longer time without any food, they are considered as good candidates to use as biological control agents even there is a very low population of host insects like fungus gnats and thrips present in the target area. These predatory mites can reduce over 30% population of thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e mites are very effective against fungus gnats and thrips can complete several generations when the temperature is between 15-25°C (59-77°F) and the relative humidity between 40-60%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e mites are commercially available and can be released in the fungus gnat and thrip infested crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How predatory \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e mites works in the greenhouses, nurseries and field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlthough \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e mites are used in closed places like greenhouse and mushroom houses, they found to be effective in controlling other insect hosts in the open nurseries.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter application in the greenhouses or nurseries, \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e mites immediately can start munching on the eggs and larvae of fungus gnats.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese predatory mites by feeding on mature larvae, prepupae and pupae can reduce over 30% population of thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding, these predatory mites can develop and reproduce rapidly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these mite can recycle continuously (do not need to apply again and again) and help to keep the pest population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of fungus gnats and thrips are killed by predatory \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e mites?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs and all the larval stages of fungus gnats and soil-dwelling stages of other insects.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMature larvae, and prepupal and pupal stages of thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e mites should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e5-10 predatory mites\/square feet (0.1 sq. meter) area bi-weekly, 2-3 times.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e25,000 to 50,000 predatory mites\/acre, bi-weekly, 2-3 times.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When and how \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e should be released for the effective control of fungus gnats and thrips?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe predatory \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e mites are shipped as adults, eggs and\/or nymphs in a container containing a mixture of vermiculite, peat and bran.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you are not ready to release these predatory mites upon their arrival then store these containers with mites in a dark place at cooler temperatures between 10-15C.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis mixture of media containing predatory mites is easy to spread on the soil or potting medium infested with fungus gnats and thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease these mites by opening the containers and sprinkling the mixture of media containing predatory mites on the surface of soil or potting media.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs these predatory mites are very active, they will disseminate themselves throughout the soil\/media profile to seek their different host stages.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive control measure these mites should be released when there is a very low population of fungus gnats, thrips and other insect pests.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure these predatory mites should be released when there is a large population of pests including fungus gnats and thrips.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease predatory mites, \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e when temperature is between 15-25°C (59-77°F) and the relative humidity is between 40-60%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on crop pests including fungus gnats and thrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can munch on different stages of their hosts including eggs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host and feed on them\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the soil or potting medium after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with predatory mite\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCabrera, A.R., Cloyd R.A. and Zaborski, E.R. 2004. Effects of greenhouse pesticides on the soil-dwelling predatory mite \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) under laboratory conditions. Journal of Economic Entomology 97: 793-99.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCabrera, A.R., Cloyd, R.A. and Zaborski, E.R. 2005. Development and reproduction of \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari : Laelapidae) with fungus gnat larvae (Diptera : Sciaridae), potworms (Oligochaeta : Enchytraeidae) or Sancassania aff. sphaerogaster (Acari : Acaridae) as the sole food source. Experimental and Applied Acarology 36: 71-81.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCastilho, R.C., de Moraes, G.J., Silva, E.S., Freire, R.A.P. and Da Eira, F.C. 2009. The predatory mite \u003cem\u003eStratiolaelaps scimitus\u003c\/em\u003e as a control agent of the fungus gnat \u003cem\u003eBradysia matogrossensis\u003c\/em\u003e in commercial production of the mushroom \u003cem\u003eAgaricus bisporus\u003c\/em\u003e. International Journal of Pest Management 55: 181-185.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnkegaard, A., Sardar, M.A. and Brødsgaard, H.F. 1997. The predatory mite \u003cem\u003eHypoaspis miles\u003c\/em\u003e: biological and demographic characteristics on two prey species, the mushroom sciarid fly, \u003cem\u003eLycoriella solani\u003c\/em\u003e, and the mould mite, \u003cem\u003eTyrophagus putrescentiae\u003c\/em\u003e. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 82: 135–146.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLesna, I., Sabelis, M.W., van Niekerk, T.G.C.M. and Komdeur, J. 2012. Laboratory tests for controlling poultry red mites (Dermanyssus gallinae) with predatory mites in small 'laying hen' cages. Experimental and Applied Acarology 58: 371-383.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"predatory mites, Stratiolaelaps scimitus","offers":[{"title":"12,500 Mites\/bottle","offer_id":354331861,"sku":"BFG- BI SS12\/ AO 1154000","price":69.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites\/bottle","offer_id":354361937,"sku":"BFG-  AO- 1154002","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 Mites\/No vermiculite","offer_id":14533889818666,"sku":"BFG- BI- SS25","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50,000 Mites\/bottle","offer_id":14533906595882,"sku":"BFG- AO 1154005","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 Mites\/ sq. bucket","offer_id":1165805872,"sku":"BFG- BI-SSBK\/AO-1154010","price":207.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 Mites\/ 5L bag","offer_id":14533897715754,"sku":"BFG- BI-SSBK\/AO-1154010","price":207.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 Mites\/ 5L sqt bucket","offer_id":14533905874986,"sku":"BFG- BI-SSGN","price":217.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"egg-parasite-trichogramma-brassicae","title":"Egg parasitic wasp- Trichogramma brassicae for control of caterpillars","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eEgg parasitic wasp, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e are tiny about 0.9 to 1.5 mm in size wasps that can parasitize and kill eggs of different species of butterflies and moths, which are beautiful insects but devastating pests of many crops and ornamental plants.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArmyworms, \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCabbage loopers, \u003cem\u003eTrichoplusia ni\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCodling moth, \u003cem\u003eCydia pomonella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorn earworm, \u003cem\u003eHelicoverpa zea\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCotton bollworm, \u003cem\u003eHelicoverpa armigera\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCutworms, \u003cem\u003eAgrotis\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiamondback moth, \u003cem\u003ePlutella xylostella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean corn borer, \u003cem\u003eOstrinia nubilalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFall webworm, \u003cem\u003eHyphantria cunea\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen fruitworm, \u003cem\u003eLithophane antennata\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGypsy moth, \u003cem\u003eLymantria dispar\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImported cabbage worms, \u003cem\u003ePieris rapae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLight brown apple moth, \u003cem\u003eEpiphyas postvittana\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOriental fruit moth, \u003cem\u003eGraphiolitha molesta\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePyramidal fruitworm, \u003cem\u003eAmphipyra pyramidoides\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpeckled green fruitworms, \u003cem\u003eOrthosia hibisci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTent caterpillars, \u003cem\u003eMalacosoma\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTobacco hornworms, \u003cem\u003eManduca\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato hornworms, \u003cem\u003eManduca\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato pinworms, \u003cem\u003eKeiferia lycopersicella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Biological Control of Lepidopterous (butterflies and moths) insects\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a biological control agents, Egg parasitic wasp, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e have a great potential to control Lepidopterous insect pets that are responsible to cause a tremendous damage to many crops grown either in the greenhouses or field.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFollowing are the main facts about egg parasitic wasp, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e What are egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003ewasps?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e are tiny about 0.9 to 1.5 mm in size wasps that can parasitize and kill eggs of different species of both butterflies and moths. Female wasps generally use combination of chemical and visual cues to locate right size of eggs. Each female wasp then lay over 200 eggs in the eggs laid by many moths and butterflies. Depending upon size and quality of host eggs, wasp females generally lay few eggs by making a hole in each host egg and are capable of parasitizing 10-15 host eggs per day . Inside the host eggs, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma\u003c\/em\u003e eggs hatch into small larvae that immediately starts feeding on the host embryos and kill the developing moth or butterfly larvae\/ caterpillars. While feeding on the host embryos, wasps can develop for a week and then emerge as adults that live for 10 days and life cycle continues. Depending upon availability of food (host eggs) and favorable environmental conditions, this wasps can complete over 30 generations per year. Adult wasps generally feed on nectar and honeydew.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e wasps kill and feed on host eggs?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs laid by female Trichogramma wasp inside the Lepidopterous host eggs hatch into small larvae that immediately starts feeding on the host embryos and kill the developing moth or butterfly larvae\/ caterpillars.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding on the host embryos, wasps develop through immature stages and emerge as adults that seek and parasitize new batches of eggs laid by butterflies and moths.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThus this wasp will help to prevent damage caused by lepidopterous insects early in the season.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of butterflies and moths are killed by egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e wasps?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eggs laid by butterflies and moths\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo achieve considerable control of lepidopterous insect pests, it is generally recommended to release about 10 to 50 adult \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma\u003c\/em\u003e wasps per square meter area in the greenhouses and fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When is a right time to release egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e wasps?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe best time to release ready-to-emerge \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e when there are ample of eggs of lepidopterous insect (butterflies and moths) pests are present in the fields, gardens, greenhouses and orchards.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis timely release of wasps will help to kill the developing embryos of the host insects inside the eggs that in turn will reduce the outbreak of larvae\/ caterpillars that are responsible for causing damage to field crops, greenhouse vegetables and ornamental plants, and fruits.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How to release egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e wasps?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as pre-parasitized flour moth (\u003cem\u003eEphestia kuehniella\u003c\/em\u003e) eggs that are placed on a cards and ready to emerge as adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince adults of \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e are not long-distance flyers, these cards with ready-to-emerge parasitized eggs should be placed or hanged randomly in the areas infested with lepidopterous insects including butterflies and moths in the fields, gardens, greenhouses and orchards. Also, make sure that cards are not directly exposed to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e wasp\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on immature stages of butterflies and moths\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are very active in finding eggs of host insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e wasp are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e wasp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBradley J. R., Thomson, L.J. and Hoffmann, A.A. 2004. Effects of Cold Storage on Field and Laboratory Performance of \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma carverae\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and the Response of Three \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma\u003c\/em\u003e spp. (\u003cem\u003eT. carverae\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eT. nr. brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eT. funiculatum\u003c\/em\u003e) to Cold. Journal of Economic Entomology 97: 213-221.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCerutti, F. and Bigler, F. 2011. Quality assessment of \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e in the laboratory. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 75: 19–26.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreatti, M. and Zandigiacomo, P. 2009. Postrelease dispersal of \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e Bezdenko in corn fields. Journal of Applied Entomology 119: 671–675.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKuske, S., Widmer, F., Edwards, P.J., Turlings, T.C.J., Babendreier, D. and Bigler, F. 2003. Dispersal and persistence of mass released \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in non-target habitats. Biological Control 27: 181-193.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLundgren, J.G., Heimpel, G.E. and Bomgren, S.A. 2002. Comparison of \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) Augmentation with organic and synthetic pesticides for control of Cruciferous Lepidoptera. Environmental Entomology 31: 1231-1239.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMertz, B. P., Fleischer, S. J., Calvin, D. D., Ridgway, R. L. 1995. Field Assessment of \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma brassicae\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and \u003cem\u003eBacillus thuringiensis\u003c\/em\u003e for Control of \u003cem\u003eOstrinia nubilalis\u003c\/em\u003e (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Sweet Corn. Journal of Economic Entomology 88: 1616-1625.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Egg parasite, Trichogramma brassicae","offers":[{"title":"100,000 pupae\/card","offer_id":354363101,"sku":"BFG- BI- TBH","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100,000 Pupae\/cup","offer_id":1166859960,"sku":"BFG- BI- TBL","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500,000 Pupae on 5 cards (100,000 Pupae\/cards)","offer_id":12572184543274,"sku":"BFG- BB - T40010","price":199.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"egg-parasite-trichogramma-platneri-minutum","title":"Egg parasitic wasp, Trichogramma platneri for control of caterpillars","description":"\u003cp\u003eBoth Trichogramma minutum and Trichogramma platneri are tiny about 0.5 to 1.5 mm long pale yellow colored wasps that have a wide host range. These wasps can parasitize and kill the eggs of many different species of both butterflies and moths that belong to an insect order called Lepidoptera. Females of these wasps generally lay eggs inside the eggs of moths and butterflies. These was females use their ovipositor to drill through their host eggs to deposit 1 to 3 of their own eggs. Trichogramma eggs hatch into small larvae that immediately starts feeding on the host embryos and kill the developing moth or butterfly larvae\/ caterpillars. While feeding on the host embryos, wasp larvae develop through different stages and then emerge as adults and life cycle continues.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArmyworms, \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCabbage loopers, \u003cem\u003eTrichoplusia ni\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCodling moth, \u003cem\u003eCydia pomonella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorn earworm, \u003cem\u003eHelicoverpa zea\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCotton bollworm, \u003cem\u003eHelicoverpa armigera\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCutworms, \u003cem\u003eAgrotis\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiamondback moth, \u003cem\u003ePlutella xylostella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean corn borer, \u003cem\u003eOstrinia nubilalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFall webworm, \u003cem\u003eHyphantria cunea\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGrape berry moth, \u003cem\u003eEndopiza viteana\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen fruitworm, \u003cem\u003eLithophane antennata\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGypsy moth, \u003cem\u003eLymantria dispar\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImported cabbage worms, \u003cem\u003ePieris rapae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLight brown apple moth, \u003cem\u003eEpiphyas postvittana\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOriental fruit moth, \u003cem\u003eGraphiolitha molesta\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePyramidal fruitworm, \u003cem\u003eAmphipyra pyramidoides\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpeckled green fruitworms, \u003cem\u003eOrthosia hibisci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpruce budworm, \u003cem\u003eChoristoneura fumiferana\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTobacco hornworms, \u003cem\u003eManduca\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato hornworms, \u003cem\u003eManduca\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato pinworms, \u003cem\u003eKeiferia lycopersicella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\/minutum\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrichogramma wasp females lay eggs inside the lepidopterous host eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInside the host eggs, wasp eggs hatch into small larvae that immediately starts feeding on the host embryos and kill the developing moth or butterfly larvae\/ caterpillars.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis means that the dead host eggs will not hatch into larvae\/ caterpillars that are damaging to many crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding on the host embryos, wasps develop through immature stages and emerge as adults that seek and parasitize new batches of eggs laid by butterflies and moths.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThus this wasp will help to prevent damage caused by lepidopterous insects early in the season.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How egg parasitic wasps \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\/minutum\u003c\/em\u003e works in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTrichogramma wasp females lay eggs inside the lepidopterous host eggs.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInside the host eggs, wasp eggs hatch into small larvae that immediately starts feeding on the host embryos and kill the developing moth or butterfly larvae\/ caterpillars.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis means that the dead host eggs will not hatch into larvae\/ caterpillars that are damaging to many crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding on the host embryos, wasps develop through immature stages and emerge as adults that seek and parasitize new batches of eggs laid by butterflies and moths.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThus this wasp will help to prevent damage caused by lepidopterous insects early in the season.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of lepidopterous insects are killed by egg parasitic wasps, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\/minutum\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many egg parasitic wasps, Trichogramma platneri\/minutum should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo achieve considerable control of lepidopterous insect pests, it is generally recommended to release about 25 adult \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma\u003c\/em\u003e wasps per square foot area in the greenhouses and fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When and how egg parasitic wasps, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\/minutum\u003c\/em\u003e should be released for the effective control of lepidopterous insects?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe best time to release ready-to-emerge \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma minutum\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\u003c\/em\u003e wasps when there are ample of eggs of lepidopterous insect (butterflies and moths) pests are present in the fields, gardens, greenhouses and orchards.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis timely release of wasps will help to kill the developing embryos of the host insects inside the eggs that in turn will reduce the outbreak of larvae\/ caterpillars that are responsible for causing damage to field crops, greenhouse vegetables and ornamentals, and fruits.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma minutum\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\u003c\/em\u003e wasps are generally shipped as pupae ready to emerge as adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese pupae are generally glued to perforated cards, which are easy to hang on the plants or place evenly in the gardens, fields, greenhouses or orchards.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease these wasp pupae in the evening or early in the morning in the fields, gardens, greenhouses and orchards that are infested with lepidopterous insects including butterflies and moths.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor even distribution of the cards, cut them along the perforated lines into smaller squares.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlso, make sure that cards are not exposed to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you are not ready to place these cards in the targeted area, store them in a shady place to avoid their direct exposure to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on the eggs of lepidopterous insects so there are no larvae of these insects left in the field to cause damage to crops.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host, the different species of lepidopterous insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with egg parasitic wasps, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\/minutum\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBorghuis, A., Pinto, J.D., Platner, G.R. and Stouthamer, R. 2004. Partial cytochrome oxidase II sequences distinguish the sibling species \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma minutum\u003c\/em\u003e Riley and \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\u003c\/em\u003e Nagarkatti. Biological Control 30: 90-94.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMansfield, S. and Mills, N.J. 2004. A comparison of methodologies for the assessment of host preference of the gregarious egg parasitoid \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\u003c\/em\u003e. Biological Control 29: 332-340.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNagarkatti, S., Tobin, P.C., Saunders, M.C. and Muza, A.J. 2013. Release of native \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma minutum\u003c\/em\u003e to control grape berry moth. Canadian Entomologist 135: 589-598.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNevarez, G.G. and Rivero, S.H.T. 2013. Efficacy of \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) for the biological control of \u003cem\u003eAcrobasis nuxvorella\u003c\/em\u003e (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and \u003cem\u003eCydia caryana\u003c\/em\u003e (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Southwestern Entomologist 38: 523-530.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNisani, Z. and Honda, J.Y. 2010. Does the polyphagous egg parasitoid \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma platneri\u003c\/em\u003e Nagarkatti (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) display behavioral plasticity when parasitizing different hosts? Journal of Insect Behavior 23: 81-89.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eQuayle, D., Regniere, J., Cappuccino, N. and Dupont, A. 2013. Forest composition, host-population density, and parasitism of spruce budworm \u003cem\u003eChoristoneura fumiferana\u003c\/em\u003e eggs by \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma minutum\u003c\/em\u003e. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 107. 215-227.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Trichogramma platneri\/minutum","offers":[{"title":"100,000 pupae\/card","offer_id":354364737,"sku":"BFG- BI- TPLH","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100,000 Pupae\/cup","offer_id":28523196369,"sku":"BFG- BI- TPLL","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"egg-parasite-trichogramma-pretiosum","title":"Egg parasitic wasp- Trichogramma pretiosum for control of caterpillars","description":"\u003cp\u003eEgg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e are pale-yellow colored tiny about 0.5 to 1.5 mm in size wasps that can parasitize and kill eggs of different species of butterflies and moths, which are the most damaging pests of many crops and ornamental plants.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArmyworms, \u003cem\u003eSpodoptera\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCabbage loopers, \u003cem\u003eTrichoplusia ni\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCodling moth, \u003cem\u003eCydia pomonella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCorn earworm, \u003cem\u003eHelicoverpa zea\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCotton bollworm, \u003cem\u003eHelicoverpa armigera\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCutworms, \u003cem\u003eAgrotis\u003c\/em\u003e spp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiamondback moth, \u003cem\u003ePlutella xylostella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean corn borer, \u003cem\u003eOstrinia nubilalis\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFall webworm, \u003cem\u003eHyphantria cunea\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen fruitworm, \u003cem\u003eLithophane antennata\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGypsy moth, \u003cem\u003eLymantria dispar\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImported cabbage worms, \u003cem\u003ePieris rapae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLight brown apple moth, \u003cem\u003eEpiphyas postvittana\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOriental fruit moth, \u003cem\u003eGraphiolitha molesta\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePyramidal fruitworm, \u003cem\u003eAmphipyra pyramidoides\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpeckled green fruitworms, \u003cem\u003eOrthosia hibisci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTent caterpillars, \u003cem\u003eMalacosoma\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTobacco hornworms, \u003cem\u003eManduca\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato hornworms, \u003cem\u003eManduca\u003c\/em\u003e spp.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato pinworms, \u003cem\u003eKeiferia lycopersicella\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Biological Control of Lepidopterous (butterflies and moths) insects\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a biological control agents, egg parasitic wasp, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e have a great potential to control Lepidopterous insect pets that are responsible to cause a tremendous damage to many crops grown either in the greenhouses or field.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFollowing are the main facts about egg parasitic wasp, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e What are egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum \u003c\/em\u003ewasps?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e are tiny about 0.5 to 1.5 mm in size wasps that parasitize and feed on the eggs of butterflies and moths. Female wasps generally use combination of chemical and visual cues to locate right size of eggs. Each female wasp then lay over 200 eggs in the eggs laid by many moths and butterflies. Depending upon size and quality of host eggs, wasp females generally lay a couple of eggs in each host egg. Inside the host eggs, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma\u003c\/em\u003e eggs hatch into small larvae that immediately starts feeding on the host embryos and kill the developing moth or butterfly larvae\/ caterpillars. While feeding on the host embryos, wasps can develop for a week and then emerge as adults and life cycle continues. Adult wasps generally feed on nectar and honeydew.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e wasps kill and feed on host eggs?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs laid by female Trichogramma wasp inside the Lepidopterous host eggs hatch into small larvae that immediately starts feeding on the host embryos and kill the developing moth or butterfly larvae\/ caterpillars.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding on the host embryos, wasps develop through immature stages and emerge as adults that seek and parasitize new batches of eggs laid by butterflies and moths.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThus this wasp will help to prevent damage caused by lepidopterous insects early in the season.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of butterflies and moths are killed by egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e wasps?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe eggs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e wasps should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTo achieve considerable control of lepidopterous insect pests, it is generally recommended to release about 10 to 50 adult \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma\u003c\/em\u003e wasps per square meter area in the greenhouses and fields.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When is a right time to release egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e wasps?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe best time to release ready-to-emerge \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e when there are ample of eggs of lepidopterous insect (butterflies and moths) pests are present in the fields, gardens, greenhouses and orchards.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis timely release of wasps will help to kill the developing embryos of the host insects inside the eggs that in turn will reduce the outbreak of larvae\/ caterpillars that are responsible for causing damage to field crops, greenhouse vegetables and ornamental plants, and fruits.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How to release egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e wasps?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e are generally shipped as pre-parasitized flour moth (\u003cem\u003eEphestia kuehniella\u003c\/em\u003e) eggs that are placed on a cards and ready to emerge as adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSince adults of \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e are not long-distance flyers, these cards with ready-to-emerge parasitized eggs should be placed or hanged randomly in the areas infested with lepidopterous insects including butterflies and moths in the fields, gardens, greenhouses and orchards. Also, make sure that cards are not directly exposed to sunlight.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e wasp\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on immature stages of butterflies and moths\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are very active in finding eggs of host insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e wasp are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with egg parasitic \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e wasp\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBai, B., Luck, R.F., Forster, L., Stephens, B. and Janssen, J.A.M. 1992. The effect of host size on quality attributes of the egg parasitoid, \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 64: 37–48.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNoldus, L.P.J.J. 1988. Response of the egg parasitoid \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e to the sex pheromone of its host \u003cem\u003eHeliothis zea\u003c\/em\u003e. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 48: 293–300.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRuberson, J.R. and Kring, T.J. 1993. Parasitism of Developing Eggs by \u003cem\u003eTrichogramma pretiosum\u003c\/em\u003e (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae): Host Age Preference and Suitability. Biological Control 3: 39-46.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Egg parasite, Trichogramma pretiosum","offers":[{"title":"500,000 Pupae on 5 cards (100,000 Pupae\/card)","offer_id":12572315025450,"sku":"BFG- BB T40030","price":151.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"100,000 Pupae\/card","offer_id":354365469,"sku":"BFG- BI TPH100K","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"200,000 Pupae on 2 cards (100,000 pupae\/card)","offer_id":1166880120,"sku":"BFG- BI TPH200K","price":89.9,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"lacewing-food-wheast","title":"Lacewing food- Wheast","description":"Lacewing food- Wheast for both the green and brown lacewings\r\n\u003cp\u003eMore information on the Lacewing food- Wheast will be soon available...\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Lacewig","offers":[{"title":"Lacewing Food- Wheast- 1lb bag","offer_id":354366211,"sku":"BFG- BI- WH","price":39.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"predatory-mite-amblyseius-andersoni","title":"Predatory mite, Amblyseius andersoni for spider mite control","description":"\u003cp\u003ePredatory mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e (Womersley), is been widely used as a biological control agent to control different species of pest mites (see below) that cause a serious damage to many economically important crops that grown both in the greenhouses, nurseries and fields. Predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e overwinter by entering into diapause that is a dormant period in which these mites suspend their physical and physiological activities, reproduction and development to survive harsh winter conditions. These overwintering predatory mites generally become active from January onward. Adults of \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e are beige colored tiny mites that are about 1.0 mm in size. Females of \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e generally lay oval shaped eggs onto leaf hairs. These eggs hatch into tiny larvae with six legs. These larvae then develop through two successive developmental stages known as protonymphal and deutonymphal stages. Both these immature nymphal stages resemble to their parents known to feed on the eggs, nymphs and adults of pest mites.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pest mites\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBroad Mite, \u003cem\u003ePolyphagotarsonemus latus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCyclamen Mite, \u003cem\u003ePhytonemus pallidus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEuropean red mite, \u003cem\u003ePanonychus ulmi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe bulb scale mite, \u003cem\u003eSteneotarsonemus laticeps\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThrips, \u003cem\u003eThrips tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTomato Russet\/Rust mites, \u003cem\u003eAculops lycopersici\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTwo spotted spider mites, \u003cem\u003eTetranychus urticae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePredatory mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e feed on several species of pest mites that are one of the most damaging pests of many field and fruit crops, ornamental plants including apples, beans, chrysanthemums, corn, geranium, gerbera, grapes, ivy, peaches, peppers, potatoes, raspberries, roses, Strawberries, tomatoes.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePredatory mites, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e have ability to survive, reproduce and develop at a wide range of temperature between 6-40°C (43-104°F).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThis predatory mite can feed on eggs, nymphs and adults of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese predatory mites can survive without food until their host mites become available.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How predatory \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e mite works in the field\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e mites are supplied as adults in shaker tubes and waterproof sachets containing a mixture of bran and vermiculite.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAfter application in the greenhouses or nurseries, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e mites immediately can start munching on the eggs, nymphs and adults of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding, these predatory mites can develop and reproduce rapidly.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUnder favorable environmental conditions and if there is enough food around, these mite can recycle continuously (do not need to apply again and again) and help to keep the pest population under economic threshold level.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Which stages of pest mites are killed by predatory mite \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNymphs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdults\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How many \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e predatory mites should be released?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4-5 predatory mites\/square feet (0.1 sq. meter) area bi-weekly, 2-3 times.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e When and how \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e predatory mites should be released for the effective control of mites?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e mites are supplied as adults in shaker tubes and waterproof sachets containing a mixture of bran and vermiculite.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIf you are not ready to release these predatory mites upon their arrival then store these containers with mites in a dark place at cooler temperatures between 10-15°C (50-59°F).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHang the sachets or shaker tubes to plants at every 5-12 feet in the garden or greenhouses.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHang one sachet per tree.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs these predatory mites are very active, they will disseminate themselves throughout the garden or greenhouse to seek their hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a preventive control measure these mites should be released when there is a very low population of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs a curative measure these predatory mites should be released when there is a large population of pest mites.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRelease predatory mites, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e when temperature is between 6-40°C (43-104°F) and the relative humidity is between 40-60%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reduce the crop damage by feeding on the eggs nymphs and adults of pest mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are able to actively search for their host, the different species of mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey can reproduce and continue their life cycle in the garden after first application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are commercially available and easy to release in the greenhouses or fields\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with predatory mites\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals and pollute the environment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCroft, B.A., Prati, P.D., Koskela, G. and Kaufman, D. 1998. Predation, Reproduction, and Impact of Phytoseiid Mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Cyclamen Mite (Acari: Tarsonemidae) on Strawberry. Journal of Economic Entomology 91: 1307-1314.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDrescher, K., Schade, M. and Sengonca, C. 2000. Is a biological control of \u003cem\u003eThrips tabaci\u003c\/em\u003e Lindeman in the field achievable? Mitteilungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für allgemeine und angewandte Entomologie 12: 97-100.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFischer, S. and Mourrut-Salesse, J. 2005. Tomato Russet Mite in Switzerland (\u003cem\u003eAculops lycopersici\u003c\/em\u003e: Acari, Eriophyidae). Revue Suisse de Viticulture, Arboriculture et Horticulture 37: 227-232.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGenini, M. and Baillod, M. 1987. The introduction of resistant strains of \u003cem\u003eTyphlodromus pyri\u003c\/em\u003e (Scheuten) and \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e Chant (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in apple orchards. Revue Suisse de Viticulture, d'Arboriculture et d'Horticulture 19:115-123.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIvancich Gambaro, P. 1990. Diapause in \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius andersoni\u003c\/em\u003e Chant (=A. pontillae Garman) (Acarina Phytoseiidae) in the climate of the Po Valley. Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura 22: 31-41.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMesselink, G.J. and van Holstein-Saj, R. 2007. Biological control of the bulb scale mite \u003cem\u003eSteneotarsonemus laticeps\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Tarsonemidae) with \u003cem\u003eNeoseiulus barkeri\u003c\/em\u003e (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in amaryllis. Integrated Control of Plant-Feeding Mites IOBC\/wprs Bulletin 30: 81-85.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWalzer, A. and Schausberger, P. 2011. Sex-specific developmental plasticity of generalist and specialist predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in response to food stress. Biological journal of the Linnean Society 102: 650-660.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predatory mite, Amblyseius andersoni","offers":[{"title":"25,000 mites","offer_id":477320429,"sku":"BFG-BI AI25\/AO 1101324","price":149.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 mites in 200 mini Sachets with hooks","offer_id":477343437,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101323","price":229.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"25,000 mites in 200 mini Sachets (125 mites\/Sachet) on sticks","offer_id":32309845327914,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101350","price":239.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50,000 mites\/bottle","offer_id":32309896118314,"sku":"BFG- AO- 1101327","price":229.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"62,500 mites in 250 Sachets (250 mites\/sachet)\/hook","offer_id":477342197,"sku":"BFG- BI- AI2H\/ AO 1101325","price":299.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"62, 500 mites in 250 sachets- breeding system","offer_id":616109957,"sku":"BFG- BI- A12H\/ AO 1101325","price":299.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites\/bag","offer_id":477337501,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101321","price":375.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,250 mites in 6x 328 ft. strips of sachets","offer_id":477341261,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101322","price":659.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"125,000 mites in 1000 mini Sachets (125 mite\/Sachet) on sticks","offer_id":32309882290218,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101355","price":709.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"fly-parasities","title":"Fly Parasites for horse and cattle Fly Control","description":"\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Fly Parasites for controlling flies \u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ What are Fly Parasites?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore information on the Fly Parasites will be soon available...\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Fly Parasites","offers":[{"title":"5000 Pupae (0.5 unit enough for 2-5 horses)","offer_id":477346089,"sku":"BFG-BI P5 \/AO 1108062","price":44.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"7,500 Pupae\/pouch","offer_id":477351037,"sku":"BFG- BI- P75","price":69.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"10,000 Pupae\/ pouch (1 unit enough for 6-10 horses)","offer_id":477352617,"sku":"BFG- BI P10 \/ AO 1108063","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"15,000 Pupae\/pouch (1.5 units enough for 11-15 horses )","offer_id":477353897,"sku":"BFG- BI P15 \/AO 1108064","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20,000 Pupae\/pouch (2 units enough for 16- 20 horses )","offer_id":477357629,"sku":"BFG- BI P20\/ AO 1108065","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"25,000 Pupae\/pouch (2.5 units enough for 21-25 horses)","offer_id":477362713,"sku":"BFG- BI P25\/ AO 1108066","price":139.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"30,000 Pupae (3 units enough for 26-30 horses)","offer_id":477364049,"sku":"BFG-  BI- P15\/ AO 1108070","price":159.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"35,000 Pupae\/ pouch (3.5 units enough for 31-35 horses)","offer_id":16859936516,"sku":"BFG- AO 1108067","price":165.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"45,000 Pupae (4.5 units enough for 41-45 horses )","offer_id":16860023748,"sku":"BFG- BI P15\/ AO 1108068","price":180.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"40,000 Pupae\/ pouch (4 units enough for 36-40 horses)","offer_id":16860017412,"sku":"BFG- AO -1108071","price":175.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50,000 Pupae (5 units enough for 46-50 horses )","offer_id":16860036740,"sku":"BFG- BI-P25\/AO 1108069","price":147.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"140,000 Pupae (14 units enough for 130-150 horses)","offer_id":53450196943121,"sku":"BFG- BI-P25\/AO 1108084","price":247.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2500 Pupae\/pouch","offer_id":16859605764,"sku":"BFG- AO 1108061","price":29.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Fly parasite - 4\"hatching Station","offer_id":477365557,"sku":"BFG- BI- HS4","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Fly parasite - 8\"hatching Station","offer_id":14197449092,"sku":"BFG- BI HS8","price":52.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Fly parasite - 6\"hatching Station","offer_id":14197412228,"sku":"BFG- BI HS6","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Fly parasite - 10\" hatching Station","offer_id":14197500868,"sku":"BFG- BI HS10","price":51.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Fly parasite - 12\" hatching Station","offer_id":14197550852,"sku":"BFG- BI HS12","price":52.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Filth-breeding_flies.jpg?v=1547084184"},{"product_id":"bfg-sticky-traps","title":"Sticky Traps -Blue Sticky Cards","description":"\u003cp\u003eSticky traps are used for monitoring and scouting insect pests like fungus gnats\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Sticky traps","offers":[{"title":"10 cards\/PK (10x25 cm)","offer_id":595507209,"sku":"BFG-BI BST4","price":52.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Box- 1500 (10x25 cm) cards (150 PKS of 10 cards)","offer_id":595538949,"sku":"BFG- BB 110296","price":864.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"40 (25x40 cm) cards in 2 PKS (20 cards\/PK)","offer_id":595545893,"sku":"BFG- BB 910294\/ 110294","price":119.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"400 (25x40 cm) cards in 20 PKS (20 Cards\/PK)","offer_id":595550441,"sku":"BFG- BB 110294","price":599.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"bfg-dry-glue-cards","title":"Sticky Traps- Yellow Sticky Dry Glue Cards","description":"\u003cp\u003eDry glue cards are used for monitoring and scouting insect pests like fungus gnats\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Dry Glue Cards","offers":[{"title":"1 Box of 10x25 cm cards (44 PKS -20 cards\/PK)","offer_id":595728521,"sku":"BFG- BI- BSDY25X10- BOX (111393)","price":717.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Box of 40x25 cm cards (11 PKS -20 cards\/PK)","offer_id":595741361,"sku":"BFG- BI- BSDY25X40- BOX (111394)","price":599.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"60 (10x25 cm) cards in 3 PKS (20 Cards\/PK)","offer_id":595707725,"sku":"BFG- BB 911393\/ 111393","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"40 (40x25 cm) cards in 2 PKS (20 cards\/PK)","offer_id":595733613,"sku":"BFG- BB 911394\/ 111394","price":158.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"bfg-sticky-rolls","title":"Sticky Traps- Yellow Sticky Tape Rolls","description":"\u003cp\u003eSticky Rolls are used for monitoring and scouting insect pests like fungus gnats\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Sticky Rolls","offers":[{"title":"1 Roll\/PK (30 cm x 100 m)","offer_id":602171053,"sku":"BFG-BI BSRY30X100","price":239.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"2 Rolls\/PK (15 cm x 125 m)","offer_id":603501905,"sku":"BFG- BI BSRY15X125","price":279.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"3 Rolls\/PK (10 cm x 125 m)","offer_id":603492541,"sku":"BFG- BI BSRY10X125","price":323.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Box of 6 Rolls (30 cm x 100 m)","offer_id":602173393,"sku":"BFG- BB 110319","price":554.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Box of 12 Rolls  (15 cm x 125 m) (6 bags of 2 Rolls)","offer_id":603511505,"sku":"BFG- BB 120303","price":654.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Box of 18 Rolls (10 cm x 125 m) (6 bags of 3 rolls)","offer_id":603496625,"sku":"BFG- BB 120302","price":711.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"steinernema-kraussei-nematodes","title":"Steinernema kraussei Nematodes","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSteinernema kraussei\u003c\/em\u003e is a cold tolerant nematode that can infect and kill insects as low as 3-5°C (37.4-41 °F) temperature. This nematode uses \"cruise\" foraging strategy and is most effective against black vine weevil, \u003cem\u003eOtiorhyncus sulcatus\u003c\/em\u003e, which is one of the major pests of many ornamental plants. Larvae of black vine weevil generally feed on plant roots whereas adult weevils feed on the edges of leaves and flowers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts \u003ca class=\"showAll\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e-\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack vine weevil, \u003cem\u003eOtiorhyncus sulcatus\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFilbertworm, \u003cem\u003eCydia latiferreana\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Key factors for \u003cem\u003eSteinernema kraussei\u003c\/em\u003e nematode effectiveness\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSteinernema kraussei \u003c\/em\u003e infective juveniles carry species specific symbiotic bacteria \u003cem\u003eXenorhabdus\u003c\/em\u003e sp. in their gut as weapon to kill their insect hosts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFor searching insect host, this nematode uses cruise foraging strategies.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs other species of entomopathogenic nematodes, \u003cem\u003eSteinernema kraussei\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes also enter their insect host’s body cavity through the natural openings such as mouth, anus and spiracles. Once in the cavity, infective juveniles release their symbiotic bacteria \u003cem\u003eXenorhabdus\u003c\/em\u003e sp., which multiplies rapidly in the insect blood, causes septicemia and kill its host within 48 hours of infection.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eSteinernema kraussei\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes are very good in reducing the populations of black vine weevil by infecting and killing their immature stages that cause damage to both greenhouses and nursery plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe temperature range for this nematode’s activity and infection is a very wide ranging from 37.4°F (3°C) to 77°F (25°C).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How \u003cem\u003eSteinernema kraussei\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes work in greenhouses, nurseries and fields?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen infective juveniles of \u003cem\u003eSteinernema kraussei\u003c\/em\u003e are applied in any setup like greenhouses, nurseries or fields, they start looking for their host using cruise foraging strategy. Once they locate their host, they enter host’s body through the natural openings such as mouth, anus and spiracles.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThen in the body cavity (which is filled with insect blood), they release their symbiotic bacteria that multiplies rapidly causes septicemia and kill its host within 48 hours of infection. Thus they reduce the emergence of the next generation adults of their insect host.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"\/pages\/learn-more#diagram\"\u003eSee our diagram of the nematode lifecycle\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why we need Steinernema kraussei nematodes? \u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSteinernema kraussei\u003c\/em\u003e nematodes work better than other nematode species against different pests at temperature as low as 37.4- 41°F (3-5°C) in both greenhouses and nurseries. They have a wide range of hosts. After application in any setup, they can actively search for their host. They can kill their host within 24-48 hours after infection. They can be easily applied using traditional pesticide application sprayers for large areas or water cans small areas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not damage plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ecan be used and applied around children and pets\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production and application\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003efood products are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm humans, animals, beneficial insects (ie. honey bees), microbial communities and other beneficial nematodes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Research Papers\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBruck, D.J. and Walton, V.M. 2007. Susceptibility of the filbertworm (\u003cem\u003eCydia latiferreana\u003c\/em\u003e, Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) and filbert weevil (Curculio occidentalis, Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to entomopathogenic nematodes. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 96: 93–96.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHaukeland, S. and Lola-Luz, T. 2010. Efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematodes, \u003cem\u003eSteinernema kraussei\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eHeterorhabditis megidis\u003c\/em\u003e against the black vine weevil \u003cem\u003eOtiorhynchus sulcatus\u003c\/em\u003e in open field-grown strawberry plants. Agricultural and Forest Entomology.12363-369.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"nematodes","offers":[{"title":"150 Million Nematodes","offer_id":620639917,"sku":"BFG- BB- 001020","price":209.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 Million Nematodes","offer_id":620642617,"sku":"BFG- BB- 001022","price":239.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Steinernema_kraussei.jpg?v=1519179810"},{"product_id":"two-spotted-lady-beetle-adalia-bipunctata-for-aphid-control","title":"Two-spotted Lady beetle, Adalia bipunctata for Aphid control","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAdalia bipunctata\u003c\/em\u003e is called two spotted ladybug because it has two black spots, one in the middle of each of two orange colored fore wings (elytra). Both adults and larvae of two- spotted ladybugs feed on many species of aphids, other soft bodied insects like scale insects, mealybugs, psyllids and spider mites infesting different vegetables, field crops, ornamentals and herbs. These beetles also feed on the eggs of different insect pests.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdults: Adults of two-spotted ladybug are about 4- 5 mm long, oval shaped and orange colored. The prothorax is black colored with two white spots on each of its sides and one white spot on its top. The head of an adult is also black colored with two small white spots.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarvae: The mature larvae of two spotted ladybugs look like small alligators and are black in color. They have whitish or yellowish spots on its first abdominal segment and two orange colored spots on their fourth abdominal segment.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePupae: The pupae of two-spotted ladybugs are blackish in color with yellow dots.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFacts\u003ca class=\"showAll\" title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e(show all)\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Effective against the following Aphids and other soft bodied insect pests\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack bean aphids, \u003cem\u003eAphis fabae\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlack cherry aphid, \u003cem\u003eMyzus cerasi\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRosy apple aphids, \u003cem\u003eDysaphis plantaginea\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWillow aphids, \u003cem\u003eCavariella spp.\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAsian citrus psyllids,\u003cem\u003eDiaphorina citri\u003c\/em\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMealybugs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSpider Mites and their eggs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eScale insects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThrips\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003eIn which crops two- spotted lady beetles can be used\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBean crops\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCucumber\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEggplant\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGreen pepper\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHot pepper\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStrawberry\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWatermelon\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNursery plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnthurium\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGerbera\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRoses\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e How do two spotted Lady beetles, \u003cem\u003eAdalia bipunctata\u003c\/em\u003e control aphids and other soft bodied insects?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhen two-spotted lady beetles are released in the aphid colonies, they will immediately start eating all the stages of aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWhile feeding on aphids, female lady beetles can lay on about 20 eggs daily on the twigs, leaves and stems of the host plants.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThese eggs hatch into small grubs within a week. Then hatched young grubs will immediately start feeding on different stages of aphids.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAs compared to the adults, mature larvae of two spotted lady beetles can destroy hundreds of aphids daily.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThey are known to destroy hot spots of aphid colonies within a short period of time.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why you need them?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003eBecause we can use them to control soft bodied insect pests that cause tremendous damage to our organic vegetables and ornamentals. Also, these biological control agents have a wide host range and can be easily introduced in the gardens and nurseries.\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca title=\"Link: #\" href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Why they are safer than traditional pesticides\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey are not harmful to children, pets and the environment.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ethey do not harm plants and like pesticides, there is no question of leaving any toxic chemical residue on the produce that is ready to eat.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003edo not cause any harm to the personnel involved in their production or application.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTherefore, any produce including all vegetables are safe to handle and eat when they are treated with two spotted lady betles.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"expander\"\u003e+\u003c\/span\u003e Read Fact Sheets\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ehttps:\/\/animaldiversity.org\/accounts\/Adalia_bipunctata\/\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ehttps:\/\/nzacfactsheets.landcareresearch.co.nz\/factsheet\/InterestingInsects\/Two-spotted-ladybird---Adalia-bipunctata.html\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predator of Aphids","offers":[{"title":"100 larvae","offer_id":44959055806737,"sku":"BFG- BI-AB100L\/ AO 1101220","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 Eggs in a tubes","offer_id":1169018280,"sku":"BFG- BI- AB100\/ AO 1101200","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"250 Larvae","offer_id":50284975096081,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101225","price":177.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"400 larvae (4 bottles of 100 larvae)","offer_id":622331189,"sku":"BFG- BI-AB100L","price":264.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Larvae","offer_id":50285088407825,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101228","price":599.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 Adults","offer_id":50285244383505,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101230","price":157.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 Adults (2 X 100)","offer_id":53380788551953,"sku":"BFG- AO 1101232","price":289.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"whitefly-parasite-eretmocerus-mundus","title":"Parasitic wasp, Eretmocerus mundus for whitefly control","description":"\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Whitefly parasite, \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus mundus\u003c\/em\u003e for the control of Whiteflies\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ What are Whitefly parasites, \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus mundus\u003c\/em\u003e ?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore information on Whitefly parasite, \u003cem\u003eEretmocerus mundus\u003c\/em\u003e and its detrimental effects on the Whiteflies will be soon available...\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Whitefly Parasitie","offers":[{"title":"5000 -100 Pupae\/card","offer_id":622383105,"sku":"BFG- BBEM5","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"7500 -100 pupae\/card","offer_id":622403565,"sku":"BFG-BBEM7.5","price":120.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}]},{"product_id":"predatory-mite-amblyseius-degenerans-for-thrip-control","title":"Predatory mite, Amblyseius degenerans for thrip control","description":"\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ Predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius degenerans\u003c\/em\u003e for the control of thrips\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"expanded\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"#\"\u003e+ What are predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius degenerans\u003c\/em\u003e?\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd class=\"expanded\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMore information on predatory mite, \u003cem\u003eAmblyseius degenerans\u003c\/em\u003e and its detrimental effects on the thrips will be soon available...\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e\n\u003c\/dd\u003e\n\u003c\/dl\u003e","brand":"Predator of thrips, Amblyseius degenerans","offers":[{"title":"500 Mites","offer_id":625243381,"sku":"BFG-BI- ADEG500","price":127.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1000 Mites in 2 vials- 500 Mites\/vial","offer_id":1165188720,"sku":"BFG-BI- ADEG500","price":229.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}]},{"product_id":"bfg-yellow-sticky-traps-cards","title":"Sticky Traps- Yellow Sticky Cards","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe yellow sticky cards are generally used for monitoring the population of fungus gnats, shoreflies, whiteflies and aphids but these cards can also help to reduce the population of above insect pests. This is because actively flying adults of these insects get stuck to the cards and die. Since trapped females of these insects die quickly, they cannot lay eggs that in turn disrupt their life cycle as their future generations will not be produced. For trapping flying adults, cut yellow sticky traps into small pieces, attach them to small wood sticks and place them in several pots.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Sticky traps","offers":[{"title":"10 cards\/PK (10X25 cm)","offer_id":1137507852,"sku":"BFG- BI-YS4","price":52.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 cards\/PK (10X25 cm)","offer_id":39933066739754,"sku":"BFG- BI- BSY25X10","price":72.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100 cards\/PK (10 X 12.5 cm)","offer_id":1137596464,"sku":"BFG-BI BSY10X125","price":121.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 Cards\/PK (25X40 cm)","offer_id":1137570464,"sku":"BFG-BI BSY25X40","price":109.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"20 Smart Cards\/PK (25X40 cm)","offer_id":39933070770218,"sku":"BFG-BI BSSY25X40","price":99.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Box of 1600 (10X25 cm) cards (80 PKS of 20 cards)","offer_id":1137545172,"sku":"BFG- BI- BSY25X10- BOX (301374)","price":864.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Box of 400 (L 25X40 cm) cards (20 PKS of 20 Cards)","offer_id":1137565320,"sku":"BFG- BI- BSY25X40- BOX (301683)","price":599.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1 Box (10X12.5 cm) cards (30 PKS -100 cards\/PK)","offer_id":1137602476,"sku":"BFG- BI- BSY10X125- BOX (120103)","price":971.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0051\/7162\/products\/Yellowstickytrap_s.jpg?v=1584301189"}],"url":"https:\/\/bugsforgrowers.com\/collections\/products.oembed?page=4","provider":"Bugs for Growers","version":"1.0","type":"link"}